Transcriptional and post-translational regulation of pannexins

Pannexins are a 3-membered family of proteins that form large pore ion and metabolite channels in vertebrates. The impact of pannexins on vertebrate biology is intricately tied to where and when they are expressed, and how they are modified, once produced. The purpose of this review is therefore to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biochimica et biophysica acta. Biomembranes 2018-01, Vol.1860 (1), p.72-82
Main Authors: Boyce, Andrew K.J., Epp, Anna L., Nagarajan, Archana, Swayne, Leigh Anne
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Connexins - biosynthesis
Connexins - genetics
Gene Expression Regulation - physiology
Glycosylation
Humans
Organ Specificity - physiology
Pannexin
Phosphorylation
Promoter regulation
Protein Processing, Post-Translational - physiology
Proteolytic cleavage
S-nitrosylation
Transcription, Genetic - physiology
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Summary:Pannexins are a 3-membered family of proteins that form large pore ion and metabolite channels in vertebrates. The impact of pannexins on vertebrate biology is intricately tied to where and when they are expressed, and how they are modified, once produced. The purpose of this review is therefore to outline our current understanding of transcriptional and post-translational regulation of pannexins. First, we briefly summarize their discovery and characteristics. Next, we describe several aspects of transcriptional regulation, including cell and tissue-specific expression, dynamic expression over development and disease, as well as new insights into the underlying molecular machinery involved. Following this, we delve into the role of post-translational modifications in the regulation of trafficking and channel properties, highlighting important work on glycosylation, phosphorylation, S-nitrosylation and proteolytic cleavage. Embedded throughout, we also highlight important knowledge gaps and avenues of future research. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Gap Junction Proteins edited by Jean Claude Herve. •The discovery, topology and oligomerization of pannexin channels•Cell and tissue distribution; dynamic expression during development and disease•Post-translational modifications affecting pannexin trafficking and function
ISSN:0005-2736
1879-2642
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.03.004