Neuroimaging findings of congenital Zika virus infection: a pictorial essay

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne arbovirus from the Flaviviridae family. It had caused several epidemics since its discovery in 1947, but there was no significant attention to this virus until the recent outbreak in Brazil in 2015. The main concern is the causal relationship between prenatal ZI...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Japanese journal of radiology 2017-03, Vol.35 (3), p.89-94
Main Authors: Zare Mehrjardi, Mohammad, Poretti, Andrea, Huisman, Thierry A. G. M., Werner, Heron, Keshavarz, Elham, Araujo Júnior, Edward
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arbovirus
Flaviviridae
Humans
Imaging
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Microcephaly - diagnostic imaging
Microcephaly - virology
Neuroimaging - methods
Nuclear Medicine
Pictorial Essay
Radiology
Radiotherapy
Zika virus
Zika Virus - isolation & purification
Zika Virus Infection - congenital
Zika Virus Infection - diagnostic imaging
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Summary:Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne arbovirus from the Flaviviridae family. It had caused several epidemics since its discovery in 1947, but there was no significant attention to this virus until the recent outbreak in Brazil in 2015. The main concern is the causal relationship between prenatal ZIKV infection and congenital microcephaly, which has been confirmed recently. Moreover, ZIKV may cause other central nervous system abnormalities such as brain parenchymal atrophy with secondary ventriculomegaly, intracranial calcification, malformations of cortical development (such as polymicrogyria, and lissencephaly-pachygyria), agenesis/hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, cerebellar and brainstem hypoplasia, sensorineural hearing-loss, and ocular abnormalities as well as arthrogryposis in the infected fetuses. Postnatal ( acquired ) ZIKV infection usually has an asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic course, while prenatal ( congenital ) ZIKV infection has a more severe course and may cause severe brain anomalies that are described as congenital Zika syndrome . In this pictorial essay, we aim to illustrate the prenatal and postnatal neuroimaging findings that may be seen in fetuses and neonates with congenital Zika syndrome, and will discuss possible radiological differential diagnoses. A detailed knowledge of these findings is paramount for an early correct diagnosis, prognosis determination, and counseling of the affected children and families.
ISSN:1867-1071
1867-108X
DOI:10.1007/s11604-016-0609-4