Economic and Institutional Context and Second Births in Seven European Countries

The extent to which mothers progress to a second child varies greatly between European countries. Although both institutional and economic context are believed to be partly responsible for these differences, available research on economic conditions and fertility mostly focuses on first births and s...

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Published in:Population research and policy review 2016-06, Vol.35 (3), p.305-325
Main Authors: Wood, Jonas, Neels, Karel, Vergauwen, Jorik
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Birth
Births
Child care
Child care services
Childbirth & labor
Children
Children & youth
Costs
Database models
Demography
Earnings
Eastern Europe
Economic analysis
Economic conditions
Economic models
Economic research
Economic uncertainty
Economics
Education
Educational attainment
Employment
Families & family life
Family allowances
Family policy
Family studies
Females
Fertility
Fertility rates
Harmonization
Hazards
Heterogeneity
Human capital
Impact analysis
Labor force
Labor market
Labor markets
Labour market
Low income groups
Mothers
Opportunity costs
Planck, Max
Population Economics
Population policy
Public policy
Recessions
Social Sciences
Sociology
Studies
Temporary employment
Uncertainty
Unemployment
Western Europe
Women
Working women
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description The extent to which mothers progress to a second child varies greatly between European countries. Although both institutional and economic context are believed to be partly responsible for these differences, available research on economic conditions and fertility mostly focuses on first births and studies on family policy and fertility have hitherto insufficiently addressed population heterogeneity. Combining longitudinal microdata from the Harmonized Histories with contextual data on labour market uncertainty and family policy, this paper uses discrete-time hazard models to analyse the impact of economic and institutional context on second birth hazards of 22,298 women in 7 European countries between 1970 and 2002. Particular attention is paid to variation in the contextual effects by level of education. We find that aggregate-level unemployment and temporary employment reduce second birth hazards, particularly for low- and medium-level educated women. Family policies are positively related to second birth hazards. Whereas family allowances stimulate second births particularly among low educated mothers, the positive effect of childcare is invariant by level of education.
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s11113-016-9389-x
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Although both institutional and economic context are believed to be partly responsible for these differences, available research on economic conditions and fertility mostly focuses on first births and studies on family policy and fertility have hitherto insufficiently addressed population heterogeneity. Combining longitudinal microdata from the Harmonized Histories with contextual data on labour market uncertainty and family policy, this paper uses discrete-time hazard models to analyse the impact of economic and institutional context on second birth hazards of 22,298 women in 7 European countries between 1970 and 2002. Particular attention is paid to variation in the contextual effects by level of education. We find that aggregate-level unemployment and temporary employment reduce second birth hazards, particularly for low- and medium-level educated women. Family policies are positively related to second birth hazards. Whereas family allowances stimulate second births particularly among low educated mothers, the positive effect of childcare is invariant by level of education.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0167-5923</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-7829</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11113-016-9389-x</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: SPRINGER</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Birth ; Births ; Child care ; Child care services ; Childbirth &amp; labor ; Children ; Children &amp; youth ; Costs ; Database models ; Demography ; Earnings ; Eastern Europe ; Economic analysis ; Economic conditions ; Economic models ; Economic research ; Economic uncertainty ; Economics ; Education ; Educational attainment ; Employment ; Families &amp; family life ; Family allowances ; Family policy ; Family studies ; Females ; Fertility ; Fertility rates ; Harmonization ; Hazards ; Heterogeneity ; Human capital ; Impact analysis ; Labor force ; Labor market ; Labor markets ; Labour market ; Low income groups ; Mothers ; Opportunity costs ; Planck, Max ; Population Economics ; Population policy ; Public policy ; Recessions ; Social Sciences ; Sociology ; Studies ; Temporary employment ; Uncertainty ; Unemployment ; Western Europe ; Women ; Working women</subject><ispartof>Population research and policy review, 2016-06, Vol.35 (3), p.305-325</ispartof><rights>Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2016</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c404t-e496961548bebc749c81bfd1f7d5b1b07375850edf6f6b7376d9ca662df2404a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c404t-e496961548bebc749c81bfd1f7d5b1b07375850edf6f6b7376d9ca662df2404a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1795617426/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1795617426?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,11688,12847,21387,21394,21395,27344,27866,27924,27925,33223,33224,33611,33612,33774,33985,33986,34530,34531,36060,36061,43733,43948,44115,44363,58238,58471,74221,74468,74639,74895</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wood, Jonas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Neels, Karel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vergauwen, Jorik</creatorcontrib><title>Economic and Institutional Context and Second Births in Seven European Countries</title><title>Population research and policy review</title><addtitle>Popul Res Policy Rev</addtitle><description>The extent to which mothers progress to a second child varies greatly between European countries. Although both institutional and economic context are believed to be partly responsible for these differences, available research on economic conditions and fertility mostly focuses on first births and studies on family policy and fertility have hitherto insufficiently addressed population heterogeneity. Combining longitudinal microdata from the Harmonized Histories with contextual data on labour market uncertainty and family policy, this paper uses discrete-time hazard models to analyse the impact of economic and institutional context on second birth hazards of 22,298 women in 7 European countries between 1970 and 2002. Particular attention is paid to variation in the contextual effects by level of education. We find that aggregate-level unemployment and temporary employment reduce second birth hazards, particularly for low- and medium-level educated women. Family policies are positively related to second birth hazards. Whereas family allowances stimulate second births particularly among low educated mothers, the positive effect of childcare is invariant by level of education.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Birth</subject><subject>Births</subject><subject>Child care</subject><subject>Child care services</subject><subject>Childbirth &amp; labor</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Children &amp; youth</subject><subject>Costs</subject><subject>Database models</subject><subject>Demography</subject><subject>Earnings</subject><subject>Eastern Europe</subject><subject>Economic analysis</subject><subject>Economic conditions</subject><subject>Economic models</subject><subject>Economic research</subject><subject>Economic uncertainty</subject><subject>Economics</subject><subject>Education</subject><subject>Educational attainment</subject><subject>Employment</subject><subject>Families &amp; family life</subject><subject>Family allowances</subject><subject>Family policy</subject><subject>Family studies</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Fertility</subject><subject>Fertility rates</subject><subject>Harmonization</subject><subject>Hazards</subject><subject>Heterogeneity</subject><subject>Human capital</subject><subject>Impact analysis</subject><subject>Labor force</subject><subject>Labor market</subject><subject>Labor markets</subject><subject>Labour market</subject><subject>Low income groups</subject><subject>Mothers</subject><subject>Opportunity costs</subject><subject>Planck, Max</subject><subject>Population Economics</subject><subject>Population policy</subject><subject>Public policy</subject><subject>Recessions</subject><subject>Social Sciences</subject><subject>Sociology</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Temporary employment</subject><subject>Uncertainty</subject><subject>Unemployment</subject><subject>Western Europe</subject><subject>Women</subject><subject>Working women</subject><issn>0167-5923</issn><issn>1573-7829</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>7TQ</sourceid><sourceid>8BJ</sourceid><sourceid>ALSLI</sourceid><sourceid>BHHNA</sourceid><sourceid>DPSOV</sourceid><sourceid>HEHIP</sourceid><sourceid>M0C</sourceid><sourceid>M2L</sourceid><sourceid>M2R</sourceid><sourceid>M2S</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kEtLxDAUhYMoOI7-ABdCwY2baNK0eSx1GB8woKCuQ5um2qGTjEkq47_3jhURF94sLjf3OyfkIHRMyTklRFxECsUwoRwrJhXe7KAJLQXDQuZqF01gIXCpcraPDmJcEgIqpiboYW6886vOZJVrsjsXU5eG1HlX9dnMu2Q36WvzaIFrsqsupNeYdQ4u3q3L5kPwa1s5YAeXQmfjIdprqz7ao-8-Rc_X86fZLV7c39zNLhfYFKRI2BaKK07LQta2NqJQRtK6bWgrmrKmNRFMlLIktml5y2uYeKNMxXnetDkYVGyKzkbfdfBvg41Jr7pobN9XzvohaioFHKWkAPT0D7r0Q4AfAiVUyakocg4UHSkTfIzBtnodulUVPjQlepuxHjPWEKXeZqw3oMlHTQTWvdjwy_kf0ckoWsbkw88rOaQhZVGyT1_diH8</recordid><startdate>20160601</startdate><enddate>20160601</enddate><creator>Wood, Jonas</creator><creator>Neels, Karel</creator><creator>Vergauwen, Jorik</creator><general>SPRINGER</general><general>Springer Netherlands</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>0-V</scope><scope>0U~</scope><scope>1-H</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TQ</scope><scope>7U4</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7WZ</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>87Z</scope><scope>88C</scope><scope>88F</scope><scope>88J</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ALSLI</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>BHHNA</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DHY</scope><scope>DON</scope><scope>DPSOV</scope><scope>DWI</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>F~G</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>HEHIP</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>KC-</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>L.0</scope><scope>M0C</scope><scope>M0T</scope><scope>M1Q</scope><scope>M2L</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2R</scope><scope>M2S</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>WZK</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20160601</creationdate><title>Economic and Institutional Context and Second Births in Seven European Countries</title><author>Wood, Jonas ; 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Although both institutional and economic context are believed to be partly responsible for these differences, available research on economic conditions and fertility mostly focuses on first births and studies on family policy and fertility have hitherto insufficiently addressed population heterogeneity. Combining longitudinal microdata from the Harmonized Histories with contextual data on labour market uncertainty and family policy, this paper uses discrete-time hazard models to analyse the impact of economic and institutional context on second birth hazards of 22,298 women in 7 European countries between 1970 and 2002. Particular attention is paid to variation in the contextual effects by level of education. We find that aggregate-level unemployment and temporary employment reduce second birth hazards, particularly for low- and medium-level educated women. Family policies are positively related to second birth hazards. Whereas family allowances stimulate second births particularly among low educated mothers, the positive effect of childcare is invariant by level of education.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>SPRINGER</pub><doi>10.1007/s11113-016-9389-x</doi><tpages>21</tpages></addata></record>
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source International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS); EBSCOhost Econlit with Full Text; JSTOR Archival Journals and Primary Sources Collection; Social Science Premium Collection; ABI/INFORM Global; Politics Collection; Springer Nature; Sociology Collection; PAIS Index; Sociological Abstracts
subjects Analysis
Birth
Births
Child care
Child care services
Childbirth & labor
Children
Children & youth
Costs
Database models
Demography
Earnings
Eastern Europe
Economic analysis
Economic conditions
Economic models
Economic research
Economic uncertainty
Economics
Education
Educational attainment
Employment
Families & family life
Family allowances
Family policy
Family studies
Females
Fertility
Fertility rates
Harmonization
Hazards
Heterogeneity
Human capital
Impact analysis
Labor force
Labor market
Labor markets
Labour market
Low income groups
Mothers
Opportunity costs
Planck, Max
Population Economics
Population policy
Public policy
Recessions
Social Sciences
Sociology
Studies
Temporary employment
Uncertainty
Unemployment
Western Europe
Women
Working women
title Economic and Institutional Context and Second Births in Seven European Countries
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