Increased long‐term risk of hearing loss in patients with traumatic brain injury: A nationwide population‐based study

Objectives/Hypothesis We investigated incidences of hearing loss among patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) to evaluate whether they had a higher risk of hearing loss than the general population. Study Design Cohort study. Methods Inpatient data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Resear...

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Published in:The Laryngoscope 2017-11, Vol.127 (11), p.2627-2635
Main Authors: Shangkuan, Wei‐Chuan, Lin, Hung‐Che, Shih, Cheng‐Ping, Cheng, Chun‐An, Fan, Hueng‐Chuen, Chung, Chi‐Hsiang, Lin, Fu‐Huang, Tsao, Chang‐Huei, Chien, Wu‐Chien
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Brain Injuries, Traumatic - complications
Demography
Female
Hearing loss
Hearing Loss - epidemiology
Hearing Loss - etiology
Hearing protection
Humans
Incidence
Male
National Health Insurance Research Database
Population-based studies
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Studies
Taiwan - epidemiology
Traumatic brain injury
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Summary:Objectives/Hypothesis We investigated incidences of hearing loss among patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) to evaluate whether they had a higher risk of hearing loss than the general population. Study Design Cohort study. Methods Inpatient data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2010 were recorded. Patients with TBI and a retrospective comparison cohort were analyzed. Each subject was individually traced from their index date to identify subjects who subsequently received a diagnosis of hearing loss. Cox regression analyses were applied to determine the risk of TBI‐related hearing loss. Results Follow‐up data from the TBI and comparison cohorts were collected over 10 years for 553,286 and 1,106,572 patients, respectively. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that TBI significantly increased the risk of hearing loss (adjusted hazard ratio = 2.125, 95% confidence interval = 2.045‐2.546, P = .027). In our subgroup analyses by type of injury, patients with TBI due to traffic injury had the highest associated risk of hearing loss compared with the risk of non‐TBI traffic injury patients, followed by patients with crushing/cutting/piercing injuries and falls. Conclusions Our study shows that TBI led to a higher risk of long‐term hearing loss. Traffic injuries were the most common injury related to hearing loss. Prevention, rather than treatment, may be the best policy for preventing hearing loss. Level of Evidence 2b. Laryngoscope, 127:2627–2635, 2017
ISSN:0023-852X
1531-4995
DOI:10.1002/lary.26567