Controllable synthesis of single crystalline Sn-based oxides and their application in perovskite solar cells

We synthesized single-crystalline Sn-based oxides for use as electron-transporting layers (ETLs) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The control of the Zn-to-Sn cation ratio (Zn/Sn = 0-2) in a fixed concentration of hydrazine solution leads to the formation of various types of Sn-based oxides, i.e., s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability Materials for energy and sustainability, 2017, Vol.5 (1), p.79-86
Main Authors: Yeom, Eun Joo, Shin, Seong Sik, Yang, Woon Seok, Lee, Seon Joo, Yin, Wenping, Kim, Dasom, Noh, Jun Hong, Ahn, Tae Kyu, Seok, Sang Il
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Hydrazines
Nanorods
Nanostructure
Oxides
Single crystals
Tin dioxide
Titanium dioxide
Zinc stannate
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Summary:We synthesized single-crystalline Sn-based oxides for use as electron-transporting layers (ETLs) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The control of the Zn-to-Sn cation ratio (Zn/Sn = 0-2) in a fixed concentration of hydrazine solution leads to the formation of various types of Sn-based oxides, i.e., spherical SnO2 and Zn2SnO4 nanoparticles (NPs), SnO2 nanorods, and Zn2SnO4 nanocubes. In particular, a ratio of Zn/Sn = 1 results in nanocomposites of single-crystalline SnO2 nanorods and Zn2SnO4 nanocubes. This is related to the concentration of free hydrazine unreacted with Zn and Sn ions in the reaction solution, because the resulting OH- concentration affects the growth rate of intermediate phases such as ZnSn(OH)6, Zn(OH)42- and Sn(OH)62-. Additionally, we propose plausible pathways for the formation of Sn-based oxides in hydrazine solution. The Sn-based oxides are applied as ETLs and annealed at a low temperature below 150 degree C in PSCs. The PSCs fabricated by using the nanocomposite ETLs consisting of single-crystalline SnO2 nanorods and Zn2SnO4 nanocubes exhibit superior device performance to TiO2-based PSCs due to their excellent charge collection ability and optical properties, achieving a power conversion efficiency of greater than or equal to 17%.
ISSN:2050-7488
2050-7496
DOI:10.1039/c6ta08565b