Pathological levels of glucosylceramide change the biophysical properties of artificial and cell membranes

Glucosylceramide (GlcCer) plays an active role in the regulation of various cellular events. Moreover, GlcCer is also a key modulator of membrane biophysical properties, which might be linked to the mechanism of its biological action. In order to understand the biophysical implications of GlcCer on...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP 2017, Vol.19 (1), p.340-346
Main Authors: Varela, Ana R P, Ventura, Ana E, Carreira, Ana C, Fedorov, Aleksander, Futerman, Anthony H, Prieto, Manuel, Silva, Liana C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arrays
Biophysical Phenomena
Cell Membrane - chemistry
Cell Membrane - metabolism
Cells (biology)
Cholesterol - chemistry
Control
Fibroblasts
Glucosylceramides - chemistry
Membranes
Modulators
Pathology
Phosphatidylcholines
Sphingomyelins - chemistry
Sphingomyelins - metabolism
Viscosity
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Summary:Glucosylceramide (GlcCer) plays an active role in the regulation of various cellular events. Moreover, GlcCer is also a key modulator of membrane biophysical properties, which might be linked to the mechanism of its biological action. In order to understand the biophysical implications of GlcCer on membranes of living cells, we first studied the effect of GlcCer on artificial membranes containing 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), sphingomyelin (SM) and cholesterol (Chol). Using an array of biophysical methods, we demonstrate that at lower GlcCer/Chol ratios, GlcCer stabilizes SM/Chol-enriched liquid-ordered domains. However, upon decreasing the Chol content, GlcCer significantly increased membrane order through the formation of gel domains. Changes in pH disturbed the packing properties of GlcCer-containing membranes, leading to an increase in membrane fluidity and reduced membrane electronegativity. To address the biophysical impact of GlcCer in biological membranes, studies were performed in wild type and in fibroblasts treated with conduritol-B-epoxide (CBE), which causes intracellular GlcCer accumulation, and in fibroblasts from patients with type I Gaucher disease (GD). Decreased membrane fluidity was observed in cells containing higher levels of GlcCer, such as in CBE-treated and GD cells. Together, we demonstrate that elevated GlcCer levels change the biophysical properties of cellular membranes, which might compromise membrane-associated cellular events and be of relevance for understanding the pathology of diseases, such as GD, in which GlcCer accumulates at high levels.
ISSN:1463-9076
1463-9084
DOI:10.1039/c6cp07227e