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Characterization of 176Lu background in LSO-based PET scanners
LSO and LYSO are today the most common scintillators used in positron emission tomography. Lutetium contains traces of 176Lu, a radioactive isotope that decays β− with a cascade of γ photons in coincidence. Therefore, Lutetium-based scintillators are characterized by a small natural radiation backgr...
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Published in: | Physics in medicine & biology 2017-05, Vol.62 (9), p.3700-3711 |
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container_title | Physics in medicine & biology |
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creator | Conti, Maurizio Eriksson, Lars Rothfuss, Harold Sjoeholm, Therese Townsend, David Rosenqvist, Göran Carlier, Thomas |
description | LSO and LYSO are today the most common scintillators used in positron emission tomography. Lutetium contains traces of 176Lu, a radioactive isotope that decays β− with a cascade of γ photons in coincidence. Therefore, Lutetium-based scintillators are characterized by a small natural radiation background. In this paper, we investigate and characterize the 176Lu radiation background via experiments performed on LSO-based PET scanners. LSO background was measured at different energy windows and different time coincidence windows, and by using shields to alter the original spectrum. The effect of radiation background in particularly count-starved applications, such as 90Y imaging, is analysed and discussed. Depending on the size of the PET scanner, between 500 and 1000 total random counts per second and between 3 and 5 total true coincidences per second were measured in standard coincidence mode. The LSO background counts in a Siemens mCT in the standard PET energy and time windows are in general negligible in terms of trues, and are comparable to that measured in a BGO scanner of similar size. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1088/1361-6560/aa68ca |
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Lutetium contains traces of 176Lu, a radioactive isotope that decays β− with a cascade of γ photons in coincidence. Therefore, Lutetium-based scintillators are characterized by a small natural radiation background. In this paper, we investigate and characterize the 176Lu radiation background via experiments performed on LSO-based PET scanners. LSO background was measured at different energy windows and different time coincidence windows, and by using shields to alter the original spectrum. The effect of radiation background in particularly count-starved applications, such as 90Y imaging, is analysed and discussed. Depending on the size of the PET scanner, between 500 and 1000 total random counts per second and between 3 and 5 total true coincidences per second were measured in standard coincidence mode. 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Med. Biol</addtitle><description>LSO and LYSO are today the most common scintillators used in positron emission tomography. Lutetium contains traces of 176Lu, a radioactive isotope that decays β− with a cascade of γ photons in coincidence. Therefore, Lutetium-based scintillators are characterized by a small natural radiation background. In this paper, we investigate and characterize the 176Lu radiation background via experiments performed on LSO-based PET scanners. LSO background was measured at different energy windows and different time coincidence windows, and by using shields to alter the original spectrum. The effect of radiation background in particularly count-starved applications, such as 90Y imaging, is analysed and discussed. Depending on the size of the PET scanner, between 500 and 1000 total random counts per second and between 3 and 5 total true coincidences per second were measured in standard coincidence mode. The LSO background counts in a Siemens mCT in the standard PET energy and time windows are in general negligible in terms of trues, and are comparable to that measured in a BGO scanner of similar size.</description><subject>LSO background</subject><subject>PET</subject><subject>randoms</subject><issn>0031-9155</issn><issn>1361-6560</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNptkM9LwzAYhoMoOKd3j70IHqz7vqRJk4sgY_6AwgTnOSRpop1bWpv24l_vxsSTpxdeHl5eHkIuEW4RpJwhE5gLLmBmjJDOHJHJX3VMJgAMc4Wcn5KzlNYAiJIWE3I3_zC9cYPvm28zNG3M2pBhKaoxs8Z9vvftGOusiVn1usytSb7OXharLDkTo-_TOTkJZpP8xW9OydvDYjV_yqvl4_P8vsobBOC5d8ajUqYMCpR11FMsgrNlKAVjSlnKuBDKoRWU2yBROlfTQKmtLWChCjYl14fdrm-_Rp8GvW2S85uNib4dk0YpoRBKAt-hVwe0aTu9bsc-7o7pbmu1oFppVgLorg477uYfDkHvdeq9O713pw862Q-9pmYi</recordid><startdate>20170507</startdate><enddate>20170507</enddate><creator>Conti, Maurizio</creator><creator>Eriksson, Lars</creator><creator>Rothfuss, Harold</creator><creator>Sjoeholm, Therese</creator><creator>Townsend, David</creator><creator>Rosenqvist, Göran</creator><creator>Carlier, Thomas</creator><general>IOP Publishing</general><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20170507</creationdate><title>Characterization of 176Lu background in LSO-based PET scanners</title><author>Conti, Maurizio ; Eriksson, Lars ; Rothfuss, Harold ; Sjoeholm, Therese ; Townsend, David ; Rosenqvist, Göran ; Carlier, Thomas</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-i1005-ecae199a7f909bc2e214fcb7f763399b235669c1b625bf818ccd2f22bdb014943</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>LSO background</topic><topic>PET</topic><topic>randoms</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Conti, Maurizio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eriksson, Lars</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rothfuss, Harold</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sjoeholm, Therese</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Townsend, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rosenqvist, Göran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carlier, Thomas</creatorcontrib><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Physics in medicine & biology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Conti, Maurizio</au><au>Eriksson, Lars</au><au>Rothfuss, Harold</au><au>Sjoeholm, Therese</au><au>Townsend, David</au><au>Rosenqvist, Göran</au><au>Carlier, Thomas</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Characterization of 176Lu background in LSO-based PET scanners</atitle><jtitle>Physics in medicine & biology</jtitle><stitle>PMB</stitle><addtitle>Phys. Med. Biol</addtitle><date>2017-05-07</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>62</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>3700</spage><epage>3711</epage><pages>3700-3711</pages><issn>0031-9155</issn><eissn>1361-6560</eissn><coden>PHMBA7</coden><abstract>LSO and LYSO are today the most common scintillators used in positron emission tomography. Lutetium contains traces of 176Lu, a radioactive isotope that decays β− with a cascade of γ photons in coincidence. Therefore, Lutetium-based scintillators are characterized by a small natural radiation background. In this paper, we investigate and characterize the 176Lu radiation background via experiments performed on LSO-based PET scanners. LSO background was measured at different energy windows and different time coincidence windows, and by using shields to alter the original spectrum. The effect of radiation background in particularly count-starved applications, such as 90Y imaging, is analysed and discussed. Depending on the size of the PET scanner, between 500 and 1000 total random counts per second and between 3 and 5 total true coincidences per second were measured in standard coincidence mode. The LSO background counts in a Siemens mCT in the standard PET energy and time windows are in general negligible in terms of trues, and are comparable to that measured in a BGO scanner of similar size.</abstract><pub>IOP Publishing</pub><doi>10.1088/1361-6560/aa68ca</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | LSO background PET randoms |
title | Characterization of 176Lu background in LSO-based PET scanners |
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