Costimulatory Molecule Immune Enhancement in a Plasmid Vaccine Model Is Regulated in Part Through the Ig Constant-Like Domain of CD80/86

• Published in: The Journal of immunology (1950) 2003-10, Vol.171 (8), p.4311-4319
• Main Authors: Agadjanyan, Michael G, Chattergoon, Michael A, Holterman, Mark J, Monzavi-Karbassi, Behjatolah, Kim, J. Joseph, Dentchev, Tzvete, Wilson, Darren, Ayyavoo, Velpandi, Montaner, Luis J, Kieber-Emmons, Thomas, Sekaly, Rafick-P, Weiner, David B
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adjuvants, Immunologic - administration & dosage; Adjuvants, Immunologic - antagonists & inhibitors; Adjuvants, Immunologic - genetics; Adjuvants, Immunologic - physiology; Animals; Antigens, CD - administration & dosage; Antigens, CD - biosynthesis; Antigens, CD - genetics; Antigens, CD - physiology; B7-1 Antigen - administration & dosage; B7-1 Antigen - biosynthesis; B7-1 Antigen - genetics; B7-1 Antigen - physiology; B7-2 Antigen; Cell Movement - genetics; Cell Movement - immunology; Dendritic Cells - immunology; Dendritic Cells - metabolism; Down-Regulation - genetics; Down-Regulation - immunology; HIV-1 - genetics; HIV-1 - immunology; Humans; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions - administration & dosage; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions - genetics; Immunoglobulin Constant Regions - physiology; Immunoglobulin Variable Region - administration & dosage; Immunoglobulin Variable Region - genetics; Lymphocyte Subsets - cytology; Lymphocyte Subsets - immunology; Membrane Glycoproteins - administration & dosage; Membrane Glycoproteins - biosynthesis; Membrane Glycoproteins - genetics; Membrane Glycoproteins - physiology; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Models, Immunological; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Plasmids; Protein Structure, Tertiary - genetics; Recombinant Fusion Proteins - administration & dosage; Recombinant Fusion Proteins - biosynthesis; Recombinant Fusion Proteins - genetics; Sequence Deletion - immunology; Signal Transduction - genetics; Signal Transduction - immunology; Simian virus 40 - genetics; Simian virus 40 - immunology; Transfection; Up-Regulation - genetics; Up-Regulation - immunology; Vaccines, DNA - administration & dosage; Vaccines, DNA - genetics; Vaccines, DNA - immunology
• ISSN: 0022-1767; 1550-6606
• DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.171.8.4311

There is great interest in understanding the role of costimulatory molecules in immune activation. In both the influenza and HIV DNA immunization models, several groups have reported that coimmunization of mice with plasmids encoding immunogen and CD86, but not CD80, effectively boosts Ag-specific T cell activation. This difference in immune priming provided an opportunity to examine the functional importance of different regions of the B.7 molecules in immune activation. To examine this issue, we developed a series of chimeric CD80 and CD86 constructs as well as deletion mutants, and examined their immune activating potential in the DNA vaccine model. We demonstrate that the lack of an Ig constant-like region in the CD80 molecule is critically important to the enhanced immune activation observed. CD80 C-domain deletion mutants induce a highly inflammatory Ag-specific cellular response when administered as part of a plasmid vaccine. The data suggest that the constant-like domains, likely through intermolecular interactions, are critically important for immune regulation during costimulation and that engineered CD80/86 molecules represent more potent costimulatory molecules and may improve vaccine adjuvant efficacy.