Women's intentions of informal and formal help-seeking for mental health problems during the perinatal period: The role of perceived encouragement from the partner

• Published in: Midwifery 2017-07, Vol.50, p.78-85
• Main Authors: Fonseca, Ana, Canavarro, Maria Cristina
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Advertisements; Advertising; Anxiety; Campaigns; Childbirth & labor; Couple; Couples; Cross-Sectional Studies; Emotional disorders; Female; Female roles; Formal help; Health problems; Help seeking behavior; Help-seeking intentions; Humans; Indirect effects; Infants; Informal help; Intention; Male; Males; Medical personnel; Mental depression; Mental disorders; Mental health; Mental health care; Mental health services; Mental Health Services - utilization; Nursing; Patient Acceptance of Health Care - psychology; Perception; Perinatal care; Perinatal Care - methods; Perinatal distress; Perinatal period; Polls & surveys; Portugal; Postpartum depression; Postpartum period; Postpartum women; Pregnancy; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Psychological distress; Psychometrics - instrumentation; Psychometrics - methods; Sexual Partners - psychology; Significant others; Social media; Social Support; Sociodemographics; Surveys and Questionnaires; Websites; Women; Working women
• ISSN: 0266-6138; 1532-3099
• DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2017.04.001

this study aimed to examine the relationship between women's intentions to seek informal help and to seek professional help and to explore the indirect effects of women's perceived encouragement to seek professional help from their male partner. Moreover, this study aimed to examine if these relationships vary as function of the presence of higher levels of perinatal distress. cross-sectional internet survey. participants were recruited through advertisements published in pamphlets and posted on social media websites (e.g., Facebook) and websites and forums that focused on pregnancy and childbirth. 231 women (pregnant/ had a baby during the last 12 months) completed the survey. participants were questioned about sociodemographic and clinical data and were assessed concerning perinatal distress (Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), intentions to seek informal and formal help (General Help-Seeking Questionnaire) and perceived encouragement from the partner to seek professional help. the women reported a significantly higher intention to seek help from their partner than to seek professional help (p < .001). Although women with higher perinatal distress levels presented lower intentions to seek informal help from the male partner (p = .001) and perceived less encouragement from the male partner to seek professional help (p < .001), the presence of perinatal distress did not moderate the relationship between those variables. A significant indirect effect on the relationship between women's intention to seek informal and professional help occurred through the women's perceived encouragement from the male partner to seek professional help. the results of this study highlight the important role of the male partner's encouragement in women's professional help-seeking for mental health problems. awareness campaigns about perinatal distress and about professional treatment benefits may be directed universally to all women in the perinatal period and should include women's significant others, such as their partners. Health professionals should recognize and support the prominent role of the women's partners in the help-seeking process. •Women are more likely to resort to informal than formal mental help.•The partner is a source of support and encouragement for seeking formal help.•Women who seek the partner’s help feel more encouraged to seek formal help.•The partner’s perceived encouragement influence formal help-seeking.