The Oleate-Stimulated Phospholipase D, PLD delta , and Phosphatidic Acid Decrease H sub(2)O sub(2)-Induced Cell Death in Arabidopsis

• Published in: The Plant cell 2003-10, Vol.15 (10), p.2285-2295
• Main Authors: Zhang, Wenhua, Wang, Cunxi, Qin, Chunbo, Wood, T, Olafsdottir, G, Welti, R, Wang, Xuemin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 1040-4651
• DOI: 10.1105/tpc.013961

Hydrolysis of common membrane phospholipids occurs in response to various environmental stresses, but the control and cellular function of this hydrolysis are not fully understood. Hydrogen peroxide (H sub(2)O sub(2)) is a pivotal signaling molecule involved in various stress responses. Here, we show that the plasma membrane-bound phospholipase D, PLD delta , is activated in response to H sub(2)O sub(2) and that the resulting phosphatidic acid (PA) functions to decrease H sub(2)O sub(2)-promoted programmed cell death. The Arabidopsis genome has 12 PLD genes, and knockout of PLD delta abolishes specifically the oleate-stimulated PLD activity. H sub(2)O sub(2) treatment of Arabidopsis cells activates PLD enzyme activity, and ablation of PLD delta abolishes that activation. PLD delta -null cells display increased sensitivity to H sub(2)O sub(2)-induced cell death. The addition of PA to PLD delta -null cells mitigates the H sub(2)O sub(2) effect, whereas suppression of the H sub(2)O sub(2)-induced PA formation in wild-type cells increases the effect. PLD delta -ablated plants exhibit increased susceptibility to stress. These results demonstrate that activation of oleate-stimulated PLD delta constitutes an important step in the plant response to H sub(2)O sub(2) and increasing plant stress tolerance.