An Assessment of the Ductile Fracture Behavior of Hot Isostatically Pressed and Forged 304L Stainless Steel

Type 300 austenitic stainless steel manufactured by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) has recently been shown to exhibit subtly different fracture behavior from that of equivalent graded forged steel, whereby the oxygen remaining in the component after HIP manifests itself in the austenite matrix as nonm...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Metallurgical and materials transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science Physical metallurgy and materials science, 2017-05, Vol.48 (5), p.2207-2221
Main Authors: Cooper, A. J., Smith, R. J., Sherry, A. H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Austenitic stainless steels
Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
Chemistry and Materials Science
Crack initiation
Crack propagation
Forges
Fracture mechanics
Fracture toughness
Fractures
Manganese steels
Materials Science
Matrix
Metallic Materials
Microstructure
Nanotechnology
Stainless steel
Steels
Structural Materials
Surfaces and Interfaces
Thin Films
Voids
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Summary:Type 300 austenitic stainless steel manufactured by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) has recently been shown to exhibit subtly different fracture behavior from that of equivalent graded forged steel, whereby the oxygen remaining in the component after HIP manifests itself in the austenite matrix as nonmetallic oxide inclusions. These inclusions facilitate fracture by acting as nucleation sites for the initiation, growth, and coalescence of microvoids in the plastically deforming austenite matrix. Here, we perform analyses based on the Rice–Tracey (RT) void growth model, supported by instrumented Charpy and J -integral fracture toughness testing at ambient temperature, to characterize the degree of void growth ahead of both a V-notch and crack in 304L stainless steel. We show that the hot isostatically pressed (HIP’d) 304L steel exhibits a lower critical void growth at the onset of fracture than that observed in forged 304L steel, which ultimately results in HIP’d steel exhibiting lower fracture toughness at initiation and impact toughness. Although the reduction in toughness of HIP’d steel is not detrimental to its use, due to the steel’s sufficiently high toughness, the study does indicate that HIP’d and forged 304L steel behave as subtly different materials at a microstructural level with respect to their fracture behavior.
ISSN:1073-5623
1543-1940
DOI:10.1007/s11661-017-4005-1