Risk Factors Associated With Nonunion After Elective Foot and Ankle Reconstruction: A Case-Control Study

Abstract Postoperative nonunion is not uncommon in the lower extremity, and significant morbidity can be associated with nonunion of the foot and ankle after surgical reconstruction. For the purposes of the present study, we retrospectively reviewed and compared a cohort of patients who had undergon...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of foot and ankle surgery 2017-05, Vol.56 (3), p.457-462
Main Authors: Moore, Kyle R., DPM, AACFAS, Howell, Michael A., DPM, Saltrick, Karl R., DPM, FACFAS, Catanzariti, Alan R., DPM, FACFAS
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
ankle
Ankle Joint - diagnostic imaging
Ankle Joint - surgery
arthrodesis
Arthrodesis - methods
Case-Control Studies
Endocrine System Diseases - complications
Female
foot
Foot Joints - diagnostic imaging
Foot Joints - surgery
fusion
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
nonunion
Orthopedics
Postoperative Complications
Radiography
Risk Factors
Treatment Failure
Vitamin D Deficiency - complications
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Summary:Abstract Postoperative nonunion is not uncommon in the lower extremity, and significant morbidity can be associated with nonunion of the foot and ankle after surgical reconstruction. For the purposes of the present study, we retrospectively reviewed and compared a cohort of patients who had undergone elective foot and ankle reconstruction to better assess the modifiable risk factors associated with postoperative nonunion. We hypothesized that the presence of endocrine and metabolic abnormalities are often associated with nonunion after foot and ankle surgical reconstruction. We formulated a matched case-control study that included 29 patients with nonunion and a control group of 29 patients with successful fusion to assess the prevalence of certain modifiable risk factors known to have an association with nonunion after foot and ankle arthrodesis. The modifiable risk factors assessed included body mass index, tobacco use, diabetes mellitus, vitamin D abnormality, thyroid dysfunction, and parathyroid disease. A statistically significant ( p  
ISSN:1067-2516
1542-2224
DOI:10.1053/j.jfas.2017.01.011