Postprandial total and HMW adiponectin following a high-fat meal in lean, obese and diabetic men

• Published in: European journal of clinical nutrition 2013-04, Vol.67 (4), p.377-384
• Main Authors: Phillips, L K, Peake, J M, Zhang, X, Hickman, I J, Briskey, D R, Huang, B E, Simpson, P, Li, S-H, Whitehead, J P, Martin, J H, Prins, J B
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 692/699/1702/393; 692/699/2743/137/773; Adiponectin; Adiponectin - blood; Adult; Aged; Biological and medical sciences; Biomarkers - blood; Blood Glucose - analysis; C-reactive protein; C-Reactive Protein - analysis; C-Reactive Protein - metabolism; Carbonyl compounds; Carbonyls; Clinical Nutrition; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood; Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance; Diet, High-Fat; Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases); Endocrinopathies; Epidemiology; Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Humans; Inflammation; Inflammation - blood; Insulin; Insulin - blood; Interleukin 6; Interleukin-6 - blood; Internal Medicine; Ketogenic diet; Leukocytes (mononuclear); Leukocytes, Mononuclear - metabolism; Lipoproteins, LDL - blood; Low density lipoprotein; Male; Markers; Meals; Medical sciences; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Men; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolism; Middle Aged; Molecular Weight; NF-kappa B - blood; Obesity; Obesity - blood; original-article; Oxidative Stress; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Physiological aspects; Postprandial Period; Protein metabolism; Proteins; Public Health; Thinness - blood; Triglycerides; Triglycerides - blood; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - blood; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Tumors; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; Water control; Weight
• ISSN: 0954-3007; 1476-5640
• DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.49

Background/Objectives: Recent work suggests that macronutrients are pro-inflammatory and promote oxidative stress. Reports of postprandial regulation of total adiponectin have been mixed, and there is limited information regarding postprandial changes in high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a standardised high-fat meal on metabolic variables, adiponectin (total and HMW), and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in: (i) lean, (ii) obese non-diabetic and (iii) men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Subjects/Methods: Male subjects: lean ( n =10), obese ( n =10) and T2DM ( n =10) were studied for 6 h following both a high-fat meal and water control. Metabolic variables (glucose, insulin, triglycerides), inflammatory markers (interleukin-6 (IL6), tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), nuclear factor (NF)κB expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (p65)), indicators of oxidative stress (oxidised low density lipoprotein (oxLDL), protein carbonyl) and adiponectin (total and HMW) were measured. Results: No significant changes in TNFα, p65, oxLDL or protein carbonyl concentrations were observed. Overall, postprandial IL6 decreased in subjects with T2DM but increased in lean subjects, whereas hsCRP decreased in the lean cohort and increased in obese subjects. There was no overall postprandial change in total or HMW adiponectin in any group. Total adiponectin concentrations changed over time following the water control, and the response was significantly different in lean subjects compared with subjects with T2DM ( P =0.04). Conclusions: No consistent significant postprandial inflammation, oxidative stress or regulation of adiponectin was observed in this study. Findings from the water control suggest differential basal regulation of total adiponectin in T2DM compared with lean controls.