Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with increased arterial stiffness in severe obesity

• Published in: Journal of sleep research 2014-12, Vol.23 (6), p.700-708
• Main Authors: Seetho, Ian W., Parker, Robert J., Craig, Sonya, Duffy, Nick, Hardy, Kevin J., Wilding, John P. H.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adiposity; arterial stiffness; Blood Glucose - analysis; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Cardiovascular Diseases - complications; Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology; Case-Control Studies; Fasting - blood; Female; Humans; Lipids - blood; Male; Metabolic Syndrome - complications; Middle Aged; Obesity, Morbid - complications; Obesity, Morbid - physiopathology; obstructive sleep apnea; Pulse Wave Analysis; Risk Factors; severe obesity; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive - complications; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive - physiopathology; Vascular Stiffness; Waist-Hip Ratio
• ISSN: 0962-1105; 1365-2869
• DOI: 10.1111/jsr.12156

Summary Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome, leading to greater cardiovascular risk. Severely obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea may still be at risk of adverse health outcomes, even without previous cardiovascular disease. Pulse wave analysis non‐invasively measures peripheral pulse waveforms and derives measures of haemodynamic status, including arterial stiffness, augmentation pressure and subendocardial viability ratio. We hypothesized that the presence of obstructive sleep apnea in severe obesity, even in the absence of an antecedent history of cardiovascular disease, would affect measurements derived from pulse wave analysis. Seventy‐two severely obese adult subjects [obstructive sleep apnea 47 (body mass index 42 ± 7 kg m−2), without obstructive sleep apnea (non‐OSA) 25 (body mass index 40 ± 5 kg m−2)] were characterised using anthropometric, respiratory and cardio‐metabolic parameters. Groups were similar in age, body mass index and gender. More subjects with obstructive sleep apnea had metabolic syndrome [obstructive sleep apnea 60%, without obstructive sleep apnea (non‐OSA) 12%]. Those with obstructive sleep apnea had greater arterial stiffness, augmentation pressure and decreased subendocardial viability ratio (all P