Avenacosides: Metabolism, and potential use as exposure biomarkers of oat intake

• Published in: Molecular nutrition & food research 2017-07, Vol.61 (7), p.n/a
• Main Authors: Wang, Pei, Yang, Junli, Yerke, Aaron, Sang, Shengmin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Animals; Avena - chemistry; Avena - metabolism; Avenacosides; Biomarkers; Biomarkers - metabolism; Biomarkers - urine; Deglycosylation; Epidemiology; Excretion; Exposure; Exposure biomarkers; Feces; Female; Fermentation; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Grain; Gut microbiota; Humans; In vitro methods and tests; In vivo methods and tests; Ingestion; Male; Metabolism; Mice, Inbred Strains; Molecular Structure; Oat intake; Pharmacology; Saponins - pharmacokinetics; Saponins - urine; Studies; Urine; Whole Grains
• ISSN: 1613-4125; 1613-4133
• DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700196

Scope Exposure biomarkers used for objective estimation of whole‐grain (WG) intake are essential for epidemiologic studies of WG consumption, however, up to now, no exposure biomarkers were developed for WG oat intake. This study investigates the potential of oat unique components, Avenacoside‐B (AVE‐B) and –A (AVE‐A), as exposure biomarkers of oat intake. Methods and results An in vivo study performed in mice and an in vitro batch fecal fermentation study were used to investigate the potential metabolic routes of AVE‐B and ‐A. Twelve healthy volunteers were recruited in the human urinary pharmacokinetic study, each participant received a single dose of oat bran as breakfast, 48 h urine samples were collected at baseline and after treatment period, and AVE‐B and ‐A were quantified by LC‐MS/MS. Deglycosylation metabolic route was identified as the major metabolic path for AVE‐B and ‐A. Urinary AVE‐B and ‐A concentrations increased rapidly after oat ingestion, reached their maximum excretion rates (ERmax) fairly simultaneously within 5 h, then decreased gradually. And the mean eliminate half‐lives (T1/2) for AVE‐B and ‐A were determined as 6.22 and 4.55 h, respectively. Conclusion Oat AVE‐B and ‐A have great potential to be used as specific exposure biomarkers to reflect oat intake. This study investigates the potential of oat unique components, Avenacoside‐B (AVE‐B) and –A (AVE‐A), as exposure biomarkers of oat intake. An in vivo study performed in mice and an in vitro batch fecal fermentation study were used to investigate the potential metabolic routes of AVE‐B and ‐A. Human urinary Pharmacokinetic study was carried to verify the potential of AVA‐B and ‐A as exposure biomarkers of oat intake. Deglycosylation metabolic route was identified as the major metabolic path for AVE‐B and ‐A in animals and in humans. Urinary pharmacokinetic study demonstrates AVE‐B and ‐A have great potential to be used as specific exposure biomarkers to reflect oat intake.