Development of Physical Activity-Related Parenting Practices Scales for Urban Chinese Parents of Preschoolers: Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Reliability

Valid instruments of parenting practices related to children's physical activity (PA) are essential to understand how parents affect preschoolers' PA. This study developed and validated a questionnaire of PA-related parenting practices for Chinese-speaking parents of preschoolers in Hong K...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of physical activity & health 2017-09, Vol.14 (9), p.692-700
Main Authors: Suen, Yi-Nam, Cerin, Ester, Barnett, Anthony, Huang, Wendy Y J, Mellecker, Robin R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Asian Continental Ancestry Group
Child discipline
Child Rearing - trends
Child, Preschool
Exercise
Exercise - physiology
Factor Analysis, Statistical
Female
Humans
Male
Parenting
Parents
Preschool children
Qualitative research
Questionnaires
Reproducibility of Results
Surveys and Questionnaires
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Summary:Valid instruments of parenting practices related to children's physical activity (PA) are essential to understand how parents affect preschoolers' PA. This study developed and validated a questionnaire of PA-related parenting practices for Chinese-speaking parents of preschoolers in Hong Kong. Parents (n = 394) completed a questionnaire developed using findings from formative qualitative research and literature searches. Test-retest reliability was determined on a subsample (n = 61). Factorial validity was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis. Subscale internal consistency was determined. The scale of parenting practices encouraging PA comprised 2 latent factors: Modeling, structure and participatory engagement in PA (23 items), and Provision of appropriate places for child's PA (4 items). The scale of parenting practices discouraging PA scale encompassed 4 latent factors: Safety concern/overprotection (6 items), Psychological/behavioral control (5 items), Promoting inactivity (4 items), and Promoting screen time (2 items). Test-retest reliabilities were moderate to excellent (0.58 to 0.82), and internal subscale reliabilities were acceptable (0.63 to 0.89). We developed a theory-based questionnaire for assessing PA-related parenting practices among Chinese-speaking parents of Hong Kong preschoolers. While some items were context and culture specific, many were similar to those previously found in other populations, indicating a degree of construct generalizability across cultures.
ISSN:1543-3080
1543-5474
DOI:10.1123/jpah.2016-0704