Supplementation with high-dose docosahexaenoic acid increases the Omega-3 Index more than high-dose eicosapentaenoic acid

Abstract Background Recent studies suggest that eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids have distinct effects on cardiometabolic risk factors. The Omega-3 Index (O3I), which is calculated as the proportion of EPA and DHA in red blood cell (RBC) membranes, has been inversely associated...

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Published in:Prostaglandins, leukotrienes and essential fatty acids leukotrienes and essential fatty acids, 2017-05, Vol.120, p.8-14
Main Authors: Allaire, Janie, Harris, William S, Vors, Cécile, Charest, Amélie, Marin, Johanne, Jackson, Kristina Harris, Tchernof, André, Couture, Patrick, Lamarche, Benoît
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Advanced Basic Science
Aged
Anthropometry
Cross-Over Studies
Dietary Supplements
Docosahexaenoic Acids - administration & dosage
Docosahexaenoic Acids - therapeutic use
Double-Blind Method
Eicosapentaenoic Acid - administration & dosage
Eicosapentaenoic Acid - therapeutic use
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Erythrocytes - metabolism
Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - blood
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Risk Factors
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Summary:Abstract Background Recent studies suggest that eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids have distinct effects on cardiometabolic risk factors. The Omega-3 Index (O3I), which is calculated as the proportion of EPA and DHA in red blood cell (RBC) membranes, has been inversely associated with the risk of coronary heart diseases and coronary mortality. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of EPA and DHA supplementation on the O3I in men and women with abdominal obesity and subclinical inflammation. Methods In a double-blind controlled crossover study, 48 men and 106 women with abdominal obesity and subclinical inflammation were randomized to a sequence of three treatment phases: 1- 2.7 g/d of EPA, 2- 2.7 g/d of DHA, and 3- 3 g/d of corn oil (0 g of EPA+DHA). All supplements were provided as 3×1 g capsules for a total of 3 g/d. The 10-week treatment phases were separated by nine-week washouts. RBC membrane fatty acid composition and O3I were assessed at baseline and the end of each phase. Differences in O3I between treatments were assessed using mixed models for repeated measures. Results The increase in the O3I after supplementation with DHA (+5.6% compared with control, P
ISSN:0952-3278
1532-2823
DOI:10.1016/j.plefa.2017.03.008