Nanoantibiotics: a new paradigm for the treatment of surgical infection

Infections following orthopedic device implantations often impose a substantial health burden and result in high medical costs. Currently, preventative methods are often employed following an orthopedic implant to reduce risk of infection; however, contamination of the surgical site can still occur....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nanomedicine 2017-06, Vol.12 (11), p.1319-1334
Main Authors: Fernandez-Moure, Joseph S, Evangelopoulos, Michael, Colvill, Kayla, Van Eps, Jeffrey L, Tasciotti, Ennio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage
Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use
Antibiotics
Antimicrobial agents
Bacteria
Bacteria - drug effects
Bacterial infections
Bacterial Infections - drug therapy
Biofilms
Bone surgery
Cell adhesion & migration
Cervical cancer
Drug Carriers - chemistry
Drug Delivery Systems - methods
Drug resistance
Gene expression
Gold
Humans
infection
Joint surgery
Metals - chemistry
Nanomaterials
Nanoparticles
Nanoparticles - chemistry
Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology - methods
Oxides - chemistry
Patients
Prostheses
Prostheses and Implants - adverse effects
Retention
Silicon Dioxide - chemistry
Staphylococcus infections
Stem cells
Success
surgery
Surgical Wound Infection - drug therapy
Transplants & implants
Zinc oxides
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Description
Summary:Infections following orthopedic device implantations often impose a substantial health burden and result in high medical costs. Currently, preventative methods are often employed following an orthopedic implant to reduce risk of infection; however, contamination of the surgical site can still occur. Although antibiotics have demonstrated a substantial reduction in bacterial growth and maintenance, biofilm formation around the implant can often minimize efficacy of the antibiotic. Recently, nanotechnology has garnered significant interest, resulting in the development of several antibiotic delivery strategies that exhibit extended release and increased efficacy. In this review, treatment methods of orthopedic-device-related infections will be discussed and an overview of antimicrobial-based nanotechnologies will be provided. Specifically, nonmetal-, metal- and oxide-based nanotechnologies, incorporating antibacterial strategies, will be discussed.
ISSN:1743-5889
1748-6963
DOI:10.2217/nnm-2017-0401