Lipid Droplets: Formation to Breakdown

One of the most exciting areas of cell biology during the last decade has been the study of lipid droplets. Lipid droplets allow cells to store non-polar molecules such as neutral lipids in specific compartments where they are sequestered from the aqueous environment of the cell yet can be accessed...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Lipids 2017-06, Vol.52 (6), p.465-475
Main Authors: Meyers, Alex, Weiskittel, Taylor M., Dalhaimer, Paul
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Aqueous environments
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis - metabolism
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Breakdown
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism
Droplets
Endoplasmic reticulum
Humans
Life Sciences
Lipid droplet
Lipid Droplets - chemistry
Lipid Droplets - metabolism
Lipid Metabolism
Lipidology
Lipids
Lipids - analysis
Medical Biochemistry
Medicinal Chemistry
Microbial Genetics and Genomics
Neurochemistry
Nutrition
Obesity - metabolism
Review
Sterol ester
Triacylglycerol
Triglycerides - analysis
Triglycerides - metabolism
Yeast
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Summary:One of the most exciting areas of cell biology during the last decade has been the study of lipid droplets. Lipid droplets allow cells to store non-polar molecules such as neutral lipids in specific compartments where they are sequestered from the aqueous environment of the cell yet can be accessed through regulated mechanisms. These structures are highly conserved, appearing in organisms throughout the phylogenetic tree. Until somewhat recently, lipid droplets were widely regarded as inert, however progress in the field has continued to demonstrate their vast roles in a number of cellular processes in both mitotic and post-mitotic cells. No doubt the increase in the attention given to lipid droplet research is due to their central role in current pressing human diseases such as obesity, type-2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis. This review provides a mechanistic timeline from neutral lipid synthesis through lipid droplet formation and size augmentation to droplet breakdown.
ISSN:0024-4201
1558-9307
DOI:10.1007/s11745-017-4263-0