Face and Object Perception in Body Dysmorphic Disorder versus Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: The Mooney Faces Task

Objectives: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is characterized by repetitive behaviors and/or mental acts occurring in response to preoccupations with perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance. There are some similarities, but also important differences, between BDD and obsessive-compulsive dis...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 2017-07, Vol.23 (6), p.471-480
Main Authors: Toh, Wei Lin, Castle, David J., Rossell, Susan L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Body dysmorphic disorder
Body Dysmorphic Disorders - physiopathology
Facial Recognition - physiology
Female
Humans
Male
Medical imaging
Mental health
Middle Aged
Neuropsychology
Neuroses
Obsessive compulsive disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - physiopathology
Pattern recognition
Pattern Recognition, Visual - physiology
Perception
Physiology
Psychiatry
Space Perception - physiology
Studies
Visual perception
Young Adult
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Summary:Objectives: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is characterized by repetitive behaviors and/or mental acts occurring in response to preoccupations with perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance. There are some similarities, but also important differences, between BDD and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), not just in terms of core clinical symptoms, but possibly in the domain of perception. This study compared the nature and extent of perceptual anomalies in BDD versus OCD and health controls (HC), using a modified Mooney task. Methods: We included 21 BDD, 19 OCD, and 21 HC participants, who were age-, sex-, and IQ-matched. A set of 40 Mooney faces and 40 Mooney objects arranged in three configurations (i.e., upright, inverted, or scrambled) were presented under brief (i.e., 500 ms) free-viewing conditions. Participants were asked to decide whether each image represented a human face, an object, or neither in a forced-choice paradigm. Results: The BDD group showed significantly reduced face and object inversion effects relative to the other two groups. This was accounted for by BDD participants being significantly more accurate in identifying inverted Mooney faces and objects than the other participants. Conclusions: These data were interpreted as reflecting an overreliance on independent components at the expense of holistic (configural) processing in BDD. (JINS, 2017, 23, 471–480)
ISSN:1355-6177
1469-7661
DOI:10.1017/S1355617717000327