Fluid injection monitoring using electrical resistivity tomography — five years of injection at Ketzin, Germany

Between the years 2008 and 2013, approximately 67 kilotons of CO sub(2) have been injected at the Ketzin site, Germany. As part of the geophysical monitoring programme, time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography has been applied using crosshole and surface-downhole measurements of electrical resis...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Geophysical Prospecting 2017-05, Vol.65 (3), p.859-875
Main Authors: Bergmann, P, Schmidt-Hattenberger, C, Labitzke, T, Wagner, F M, Just, A, Flechsig, C, Rippe, D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Carbon dioxide
Electrical resistivity
Electrodes
Geophysics
Monitoring
Saturation
Tomography
Wells
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Summary:Between the years 2008 and 2013, approximately 67 kilotons of CO sub(2) have been injected at the Ketzin site, Germany. As part of the geophysical monitoring programme, time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography has been applied using crosshole and surface-downhole measurements of electrical resistivity tomography. The data collection of electrical resistivity tomography is partly based on electrodes that are permanently installed in three wells at the site (one injection well and two observation wells). Both types of ERT measurements consistently show the build-up of a CO sub(2)-related resistivity signature near the injection point. Based on the imaged resistivity changes and a petrophysical model, CO sub(2) saturation levels are estimated. These CO sub(2) saturations are interpreted in conjunction with CO sub(2) saturations inferred from neutron-gamma loggings. Apart from the CO sub(2)-brine substitution response in the observed resistivity changes, significant imprints from the dynamic behaviour of the CO sub(2) in the reservoir are observed.
ISSN:0016-8025
1365-2478
DOI:10.1111/1365-2478.12426