Modulating inflammation and neuroprotection in multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disorder of the central nervous system with a presentation and disease course that is largely unpredictable. MS can cause loss of balance, impaired vision or speech, weakness and paralysis, fatigue, depression, and cognitive impairment. Immunomodulation is a...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of neuroscience research 2018-06, Vol.96 (6), p.927-950
Main Authors: Yong, Heather, Chartier, Gabrielle, Quandt, Jacqueline
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Central nervous system
Cognitive ability
Demyelination
Disease control
Fatigue
Histopathology
immunology
Immunomodulation
Lesions
Mental depression
Mitochondria
Multiple sclerosis
Myelin
Neurodegeneration
neuroinflammation
Neuroprotection
Oxidative stress
Paralysis
Pathophysiology
Substantia alba
Substantia grisea
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disorder of the central nervous system with a presentation and disease course that is largely unpredictable. MS can cause loss of balance, impaired vision or speech, weakness and paralysis, fatigue, depression, and cognitive impairment. Immunomodulation is a major target given the appearance of focal demyelinating lesions in myelin‐rich white matter, yet progression and an increasing appreciation for gray matter involvement, even during the earliest phases of the disease, highlights the need to afford neuroprotection and limit neurodegenerative processes that correlate with disability. This review summarizes key aspects of MS pathophysiology and histopathology with a focus on neuroimmune interactions in MS, which may facilitate neurodegeneration through both direct and indirect mechanisms. There is a focus on processes thought to influence disease progression and the role of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in MS. The goals and efficacy of current disease‐modifying therapies and those in the pipeline are discussed, highlighting recent advances in our understanding of pathways mediating disease progression to identify and translate both immunomodulatory and neuroprotective therapeutics from the bench to the clinic.
ISSN:0360-4012
1097-4547
DOI:10.1002/jnr.24090