Cannabis increased the risk of primary spontaneous pneumothorax in tobacco smokers: a case–control study

Abstract OBJECTIVES Previous smaller case series suggested that cannabis smoking may cause spontaneous pneumothorax, but this finding remains controversial. We investigated the possible association between smoking tobacco and cannabis and the risk of having a primary spontaneous pneumothorax in a la...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery 2017-10, Vol.52 (4), p.679-685
Main Authors: Hedevang Olesen, Winnie, Katballe, Niels, Sindby, Jesper Eske, Titlestad, Ingrid Louise, Andersen, Poul Erik, Ekholm, Ola, Lindahl-Jacobsen, Rune, Licht, Peter Bjørn
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Age Distribution
Aged
Case-Control Studies
Confidence Intervals
Denmark - epidemiology
Female
Humans
Male
Marijuana Smoking - adverse effects
Marijuana Smoking - epidemiology
Middle Aged
Odds Ratio
Pneumothorax - epidemiology
Pneumothorax - etiology
Pneumothorax - physiopathology
Prevalence
Retrospective Studies
Risk Assessment
Sex Distribution
Survival Rate
Tobacco Smoking - adverse effects
Young Adult
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Summary:Abstract OBJECTIVES Previous smaller case series suggested that cannabis smoking may cause spontaneous pneumothorax, but this finding remains controversial. We investigated the possible association between smoking tobacco and cannabis and the risk of having a primary spontaneous pneumothorax in a large, homogeneous cohort of young, healthy individuals. METHODS In a case–control study, we prospectively investigated young (≤40 years) patients admitted in Western Denmark from 2009 to 2016 with their first episode of primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Baseline characteristics and smoking habits including both tobacco and cannabis were obtained from questionnaires presented on admittance. We compared our findings with those of a population-based control group matched by age, sex and geographical area. Calculated odds ratios were compared using the Fisher’s exact test for small frequencies and the χ 2 test or the Mann–Whitney test for larger frequencies. RESULTS A total of 416 patients participated (male/female ratio = 3.9). We observed a significantly increased risk of primary spontaneous pneumothorax in daily smokers compared with female never smokers (odds ratio = 8.10, 95% confidence interval: 4.61–14.14, P 
ISSN:1010-7940
1873-734X
DOI:10.1093/ejcts/ezx160