Palladium-Mediated Synthesis of a Near-Infrared Fluorescent K+ Sensor

Potassium (K+) exits electrically excitable cells during normal and pathophysiological activity. Currently, K+-sensitive electrodes and electrical measurements are the primary tools to detect K+ fluxes. Here, we describe the synthesis of a near-IR, oxazine fluorescent K+ sensor (KNIR-1) with a disso...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of organic chemistry 2017-08, Vol.82 (15), p.8199-8205
Main Authors: Bandara, H. M. Dhammika, Hua, Zhengmao, Zhang, Mei, Pauff, Steven M, Miller, Stephen C, Davie, Elizabeth A. Colby, Kobertz, William R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
CHO Cells
Cricetulus
Fluorescent Dyes - chemical synthesis
Fluorescent Dyes - chemistry
Infrared Rays
Molecular Structure
Oxazines - chemical synthesis
Oxazines - chemistry
Palladium - chemistry
Potassium - analysis
Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated - chemistry
Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated - metabolism
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Summary:Potassium (K+) exits electrically excitable cells during normal and pathophysiological activity. Currently, K+-sensitive electrodes and electrical measurements are the primary tools to detect K+ fluxes. Here, we describe the synthesis of a near-IR, oxazine fluorescent K+ sensor (KNIR-1) with a dissociation constant suited for detecting changes in intracellular and extracellular K+ concentrations. KNIR-1 treatment of cells expressing voltage-gated K+ channels enabled the visualization of intracellular K+ depletion upon channel opening and restoration of cytoplasmic K+ after channel closing.
ISSN:0022-3263
1520-6904
DOI:10.1021/acs.joc.7b00845