Mitochondria Regulate the Differentiation of Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth

Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are isolated from the dental pulp tissue of primary teeth and can differentiate into neuronal cells. Although SHED are a desirable type of stem cells for transplantation therapy and for the study of neurological diseases, a large part of the ne...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cell Structure and Function 2017, Vol.42(2), pp.105-116
Main Authors: Kato, Hiroki, Pham, Thanh Thi Mai, Yamaza, Haruyoshi, Masuda, Keiji, Hirofuji, Yuta, Han, Xu, Sato, Hiroshi, Taguchi, Tomoaki, Nonaka, Kazuaki
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies
Biotechnology
Carbonyl compounds
Cell Differentiation
Child, Preschool
Cyanides
Dental pulp
Deoxyribonucleic acid
differentiation
DNA
Electron transport chain
exfoliated deciduous teeth
Growth factors
Humans
Membrane potential
Mitochondria
Mitochondria - metabolism
Mitochondrial DNA
Mutation
Neurological diseases
Neurons - cytology
Neurons - metabolism
Phosphorylation
Proteins
R&D
Research & development
Rotenone
Stem cells
Stem Cells - cytology
Stem Cells - metabolism
Teeth
Tooth Exfoliation - metabolism
Tooth, Deciduous - cytology
Tooth, Deciduous - metabolism
Transplantation
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Summary:Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are isolated from the dental pulp tissue of primary teeth and can differentiate into neuronal cells. Although SHED are a desirable type of stem cells for transplantation therapy and for the study of neurological diseases, a large part of the neuronal differentiation machinery of SHED remains unclear. Recent studies have suggested that mitochondrial activity is involved in the differentiation of stem cells. In the present work, we investigated the neuronal differentiation machinery of SHED by focusing on mitochondrial activity. During neuronal differentiation of SHED, we observed increased mitochondrial membrane potential, increased mitochondrial DNA, and elongated mitochondria. Furthermore, to examine the demand for mitochondrial activity in neuronal differentiation, we then differentiated SHED into neuronal cells in the presence of rotenone, an inhibitor of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I, and carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP), a mitochondrial uncoupler, and found that neuronal differentiation was inhibited by treatment with rotenone and CCCP. These results indicated that increased mitochondrial activity was crucial for the neuronal differentiation of SHED.Key words: mitochondria, differentiation, stem cells, dental pulp, exfoliated deciduous teeth
ISSN:0386-7196
1347-3700
DOI:10.1247/csf.17012