Efficacy assessment of an intramammary treatment with a new recrystallized enrofloxacin vs ceftiofur and parenteral enrofloxacin in dairy cows with nonsevere clinical mastitis

• Published in: Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics 2018-02, Vol.41 (1), p.e1-e9
• Main Authors: Viveros, M., Lopez‐Ordaz, R., Gutiérrez, L., Miranda‐Calderón, J. E., Sumano, H.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage; Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use; Cattle; Cephalosporins - administration & dosage; Cephalosporins - therapeutic use; cow; Drug Administration Schedule - veterinary; enrofloxacin; enrofloxacin dihydrate hydrochloride (enro‐C); Female; Fluoroquinolones - administration & dosage; Fluoroquinolones - therapeutic use; Infusions, Parenteral - veterinary; Injections - veterinary; Mammary Glands, Animal; mastitis; Mastitis, Bovine - drug therapy; treatment; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 0140-7783; 1365-2885
• DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12441

A recrystallized form of enrofloxacin as dehydrate‐HCl (enro‐C) was assessed for bacteriological and clinical cure efficacies in Holstein‐Friesian cows affected of nonsevere clinical mastitis. Treatments were enro‐Csusp (n = 81), treated with a pharmaceutical suspension of enro‐C/quarter; group enro‐Cpd (n = 80) treated as above, but using enro‐C powder suspended in water; group CF (n = 65), treated with ceftiofur HCl/quarter; and group enroR (n = 66), treated with standard enrofloxacin solution (5 mg/kg, intramuscular). Cows had a mean milk production of 31 L/day and were 2‐3 lactational periods old. Treatments were administered every 24 hr for 3 days. Groups treated with enro‐C exhibited statistically significant (p > .05) better clinical cure as compared to groups treated with CF or enroR (95.06%, 96.25%, 67.79%, and 57.55%, for enro‐Csusp, enro‐Cpd, CF, and enroR, respectively). In contrast, probability of bacteriological cure was not statistically different among treatments. Yet, the outstanding clinical and bacteriological cure rates obtained for enro‐C for nonsevere cases of mastitis is superior to previously reported data for parenteral enrofloxacin and other antibacterial‐intramammary treatments. Impact of using enro‐C on the rate and pattern of bacterial resistance, somatic cell counts and milk electric conductivity, must be studied. Also, the use of enro‐C for complicated cases of mastitis should be studied and milk withdrawal times must be accurately established.