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Diagnostic accuracy of haptoglobin within ovarian cyst fluid as a potential point‐of‐care test for epithelial ovarian cancer: an observational study

Objective To investigate haptoglobin within ovarian cyst fluid (OCF) as a diagnostic biomarker for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and develop an in vitro diagnostic point‐of‐care device test (IVDPCT) for use in the operating theatre. Design Retrospective and prospective cohort study. Setting South‐...

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Published in:BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology 2018-03, Vol.125 (4), p.421-431
Main Authors: Mahyuddin, AP, Liu, L, Zhao, C, Kothandaraman, N, Salto‐Tellez, M, Pang, BNK, Lim, DGS, Annalamai, L, Chan, JKY, Lim, TYK, Biswas, A, Rice, G, Razvi, K, Choolani, M
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container_title BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
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creator Mahyuddin, AP
Liu, L
Zhao, C
Kothandaraman, N
Salto‐Tellez, M
Pang, BNK
Lim, DGS
Annalamai, L
Chan, JKY
Lim, TYK
Biswas, A
Rice, G
Razvi, K
Choolani, M
description Objective To investigate haptoglobin within ovarian cyst fluid (OCF) as a diagnostic biomarker for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and develop an in vitro diagnostic point‐of‐care device test (IVDPCT) for use in the operating theatre. Design Retrospective and prospective cohort study. Setting South‐East Asia. Population Women with suspicious ovarian cysts. Methods Proteomic, immunohistochemical and ELISA methods measured haptoglobin in OCF to differentiate benign and EOCs. Diagnostic performance of haptoglobin was compared with CA125, risk malignancy indices (RMI) and frozen section. Blinded validation of the IVDPCT was performed. Main outcome measures Prediction of malignancy. Results Haptoglobin concentration measured by ELISA was 0.70 ± 0.09 mg/ml in patients with benign cysts (n = 87), 6.22 ± 0.53 mg/ml in early stage‐EOC (n = 17), and 6.57 ± 0.65 mg/ml in late stage‐EOC (n = 20). Haptoglobin in EOCs was significantly higher than in benign cysts (P 
doi_str_mv 10.1111/1471-0528.14835
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Design Retrospective and prospective cohort study. Setting South‐East Asia. Population Women with suspicious ovarian cysts. Methods Proteomic, immunohistochemical and ELISA methods measured haptoglobin in OCF to differentiate benign and EOCs. Diagnostic performance of haptoglobin was compared with CA125, risk malignancy indices (RMI) and frozen section. Blinded validation of the IVDPCT was performed. Main outcome measures Prediction of malignancy. Results Haptoglobin concentration measured by ELISA was 0.70 ± 0.09 mg/ml in patients with benign cysts (n = 87), 6.22 ± 0.53 mg/ml in early stage‐EOC (n = 17), and 6.57 ± 0.65 mg/ml in late stage‐EOC (n = 20). Haptoglobin in EOCs was significantly higher than in benign cysts (P &lt; 0.0001). Haptoglobin using rapid colorimetric assay (RCA) on a training set had a sensitivity of 97.3% and a specificity 92.0%, comparable to ELISA and frozen sections. The haptoglobin AUROC curve was 0.999 (95% CI 0.997–1.000) compared with 0.895 (95% CI 0.814–0.977, P &lt; 0.05) for CA125. Haptoglobin performed significantly better than all the RMIs (P &lt; 0.01). Blinded validation studies showed a minor drop in average diagnostic performance (sensitivity 85.2% and specificity 90.5%) compared with the training set. However, when compared with frozen section, haptoglobin was no worse in diagnostic accuracy for malignancy. Conclusion Haptoglobin was identified as a biomarker for the detection of EOC with potential as a point‐of‐care diagnostic tool. Tweetable Haptoglobin within ovarian cyst fluid: a biomarker for epithelial ovarian cancer and point‐of‐care diagnostics. Tweetable Haptoglobin within ovarian cyst fluid: a biomarker for epithelial ovarian cancer and point‐of‐care diagnostics.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1470-0328</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1471-0528</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.14835</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28755436</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Accuracy ; Adult ; Aged ; Asia, Southeastern ; Benign ; Biomarker ; Biomarkers ; Biomarkers, Tumor - analysis ; CA-125 Antigen - analysis ; Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial - diagnosis ; Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial - pathology ; Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial - surgery ; Cohort Studies ; Colorimetry ; Cyst Fluid - diagnostic imaging ; Cysts ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diagnostic tests ; Dimensional Measurement Accuracy ; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ; epithelial ovarian cancer ; Female ; frozen section ; Frozen Sections - methods ; Haptoglobin ; Haptoglobins - analysis ; Health risk assessment ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Intraoperative Care - methods ; in vitro diagnostic ; Malignancy ; Medical diagnosis ; Middle Aged ; Observational studies ; Ovarian cancer ; Ovarian Cysts - diagnosis ; Ovarian Cysts - pathology ; Ovarian Neoplasms - diagnosis ; Ovarian Neoplasms - pathology ; Ovarian Neoplasms - surgery ; Point-of-Care Testing ; point‐of‐care ; Population studies ; Proteomics - methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity</subject><ispartof>BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2018-03, Vol.125 (4), p.421-431</ispartof><rights>2017 Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists</rights><rights>2017 Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2018 Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4125-a706e9c2a581b4c2b295f2d6ca7300e4dddb8f1ae2127297d8509d776ba2cf7f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4125-a706e9c2a581b4c2b295f2d6ca7300e4dddb8f1ae2127297d8509d776ba2cf7f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27923,27924</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28755436$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mahyuddin, AP</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kothandaraman, N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salto‐Tellez, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pang, BNK</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, DGS</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Annalamai, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chan, JKY</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, TYK</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Biswas, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rice, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Razvi, K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choolani, M</creatorcontrib><title>Diagnostic accuracy of haptoglobin within ovarian cyst fluid as a potential point‐of‐care test for epithelial ovarian cancer: an observational study</title><title>BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology</title><addtitle>BJOG</addtitle><description>Objective To investigate haptoglobin within ovarian cyst fluid (OCF) as a diagnostic biomarker for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and develop an in vitro diagnostic point‐of‐care device test (IVDPCT) for use in the operating theatre. Design Retrospective and prospective cohort study. Setting South‐East Asia. Population Women with suspicious ovarian cysts. Methods Proteomic, immunohistochemical and ELISA methods measured haptoglobin in OCF to differentiate benign and EOCs. Diagnostic performance of haptoglobin was compared with CA125, risk malignancy indices (RMI) and frozen section. Blinded validation of the IVDPCT was performed. Main outcome measures Prediction of malignancy. Results Haptoglobin concentration measured by ELISA was 0.70 ± 0.09 mg/ml in patients with benign cysts (n = 87), 6.22 ± 0.53 mg/ml in early stage‐EOC (n = 17), and 6.57 ± 0.65 mg/ml in late stage‐EOC (n = 20). Haptoglobin in EOCs was significantly higher than in benign cysts (P &lt; 0.0001). Haptoglobin using rapid colorimetric assay (RCA) on a training set had a sensitivity of 97.3% and a specificity 92.0%, comparable to ELISA and frozen sections. The haptoglobin AUROC curve was 0.999 (95% CI 0.997–1.000) compared with 0.895 (95% CI 0.814–0.977, P &lt; 0.05) for CA125. Haptoglobin performed significantly better than all the RMIs (P &lt; 0.01). Blinded validation studies showed a minor drop in average diagnostic performance (sensitivity 85.2% and specificity 90.5%) compared with the training set. However, when compared with frozen section, haptoglobin was no worse in diagnostic accuracy for malignancy. Conclusion Haptoglobin was identified as a biomarker for the detection of EOC with potential as a point‐of‐care diagnostic tool. Tweetable Haptoglobin within ovarian cyst fluid: a biomarker for epithelial ovarian cancer and point‐of‐care diagnostics. Tweetable Haptoglobin within ovarian cyst fluid: a biomarker for epithelial ovarian cancer and point‐of‐care diagnostics.</description><subject>Accuracy</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Asia, Southeastern</subject><subject>Benign</subject><subject>Biomarker</subject><subject>Biomarkers</subject><subject>Biomarkers, Tumor - analysis</subject><subject>CA-125 Antigen - analysis</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial - diagnosis</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial - pathology</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial - surgery</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Colorimetry</subject><subject>Cyst Fluid - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Cysts</subject><subject>Diagnosis, Differential</subject><subject>Diagnostic tests</subject><subject>Dimensional Measurement Accuracy</subject><subject>Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay</subject><subject>epithelial ovarian cancer</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>frozen section</subject><subject>Frozen Sections - methods</subject><subject>Haptoglobin</subject><subject>Haptoglobins - analysis</subject><subject>Health risk assessment</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunohistochemistry</subject><subject>Intraoperative Care - methods</subject><subject>in vitro diagnostic</subject><subject>Malignancy</subject><subject>Medical diagnosis</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Observational studies</subject><subject>Ovarian cancer</subject><subject>Ovarian Cysts - diagnosis</subject><subject>Ovarian Cysts - pathology</subject><subject>Ovarian Neoplasms - diagnosis</subject><subject>Ovarian Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>Ovarian Neoplasms - surgery</subject><subject>Point-of-Care Testing</subject><subject>point‐of‐care</subject><subject>Population studies</subject><subject>Proteomics - methods</subject><subject>Sensitivity and Specificity</subject><issn>1470-0328</issn><issn>1471-0528</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkb1u1jAUhi0EoqUwsyFLLCxpbSe2EzZo-asqdYHZOvFP6ypfHGynVbZeAiPX1yup0698A0s9-LyyHj860ovQW0oOaTlHtJG0Ipy1h7Rpa_4M7e9enj9kUpGatXvoVUpXhFDBSP0S7bFWct7UYh_9PfFwMYaUvcag9RxBLzg4fAlTDhdD6P2Ib3y-LCNcQ_QwYr2kjN0we4MhYcBTyHbMHoaS_Jjvbv8EVy4N0eJsVzZEbKciscNK7Twwahs_4hJDn2y8huzDWICUZ7O8Ri8cDMm-eZwH6NfXLz-Pv1dn599-HH86q3RDGa9AEmE7zYC3tG8061nHHTNCg6wJsY0xpm8dBcsok6yTpuWkM1KKHph20tUH6MPWO8Xwey7rqo1P2g4DjDbMSdGONYIQImRB3_-HXoU5lo2TYoQwIqgUTaGOtpSOIaVonZqi30BcFCVqLU2tFam1IvVQWvnx7tE79xtrdvy_lgrAt8CNH-zylE99Pj3fiu8Bx2mlbg</recordid><startdate>201803</startdate><enddate>201803</enddate><creator>Mahyuddin, AP</creator><creator>Liu, L</creator><creator>Zhao, C</creator><creator>Kothandaraman, N</creator><creator>Salto‐Tellez, M</creator><creator>Pang, BNK</creator><creator>Lim, DGS</creator><creator>Annalamai, L</creator><creator>Chan, JKY</creator><creator>Lim, TYK</creator><creator>Biswas, A</creator><creator>Rice, G</creator><creator>Razvi, K</creator><creator>Choolani, M</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>ASE</scope><scope>FPQ</scope><scope>K6X</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201803</creationdate><title>Diagnostic accuracy of haptoglobin within ovarian cyst fluid as a potential point‐of‐care test for epithelial ovarian cancer: an observational study</title><author>Mahyuddin, AP ; Liu, L ; Zhao, C ; Kothandaraman, N ; Salto‐Tellez, M ; Pang, BNK ; Lim, DGS ; Annalamai, L ; Chan, JKY ; Lim, TYK ; Biswas, A ; Rice, G ; Razvi, K ; Choolani, M</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4125-a706e9c2a581b4c2b295f2d6ca7300e4dddb8f1ae2127297d8509d776ba2cf7f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Accuracy</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Asia, Southeastern</topic><topic>Benign</topic><topic>Biomarker</topic><topic>Biomarkers</topic><topic>Biomarkers, Tumor - analysis</topic><topic>CA-125 Antigen - analysis</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial - diagnosis</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial - pathology</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial - surgery</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Colorimetry</topic><topic>Cyst Fluid - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Cysts</topic><topic>Diagnosis, Differential</topic><topic>Diagnostic tests</topic><topic>Dimensional Measurement Accuracy</topic><topic>Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay</topic><topic>epithelial ovarian cancer</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>frozen section</topic><topic>Frozen Sections - methods</topic><topic>Haptoglobin</topic><topic>Haptoglobins - analysis</topic><topic>Health risk assessment</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunohistochemistry</topic><topic>Intraoperative Care - methods</topic><topic>in vitro diagnostic</topic><topic>Malignancy</topic><topic>Medical diagnosis</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Observational studies</topic><topic>Ovarian cancer</topic><topic>Ovarian Cysts - diagnosis</topic><topic>Ovarian Cysts - pathology</topic><topic>Ovarian Neoplasms - diagnosis</topic><topic>Ovarian Neoplasms - pathology</topic><topic>Ovarian Neoplasms - surgery</topic><topic>Point-of-Care Testing</topic><topic>point‐of‐care</topic><topic>Population studies</topic><topic>Proteomics - methods</topic><topic>Sensitivity and Specificity</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mahyuddin, AP</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kothandaraman, N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salto‐Tellez, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pang, BNK</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, DGS</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Annalamai, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chan, JKY</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, TYK</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Biswas, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rice, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Razvi, K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choolani, M</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium &amp; Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>British Nursing Index</collection><collection>British Nursing Index (BNI) (1985 to Present)</collection><collection>British Nursing Index</collection><collection>ProQuest Health &amp; Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mahyuddin, AP</au><au>Liu, L</au><au>Zhao, C</au><au>Kothandaraman, N</au><au>Salto‐Tellez, M</au><au>Pang, BNK</au><au>Lim, DGS</au><au>Annalamai, L</au><au>Chan, JKY</au><au>Lim, TYK</au><au>Biswas, A</au><au>Rice, G</au><au>Razvi, K</au><au>Choolani, M</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Diagnostic accuracy of haptoglobin within ovarian cyst fluid as a potential point‐of‐care test for epithelial ovarian cancer: an observational study</atitle><jtitle>BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology</jtitle><addtitle>BJOG</addtitle><date>2018-03</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>125</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>421</spage><epage>431</epage><pages>421-431</pages><issn>1470-0328</issn><eissn>1471-0528</eissn><abstract>Objective To investigate haptoglobin within ovarian cyst fluid (OCF) as a diagnostic biomarker for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and develop an in vitro diagnostic point‐of‐care device test (IVDPCT) for use in the operating theatre. Design Retrospective and prospective cohort study. Setting South‐East Asia. Population Women with suspicious ovarian cysts. Methods Proteomic, immunohistochemical and ELISA methods measured haptoglobin in OCF to differentiate benign and EOCs. Diagnostic performance of haptoglobin was compared with CA125, risk malignancy indices (RMI) and frozen section. Blinded validation of the IVDPCT was performed. Main outcome measures Prediction of malignancy. Results Haptoglobin concentration measured by ELISA was 0.70 ± 0.09 mg/ml in patients with benign cysts (n = 87), 6.22 ± 0.53 mg/ml in early stage‐EOC (n = 17), and 6.57 ± 0.65 mg/ml in late stage‐EOC (n = 20). Haptoglobin in EOCs was significantly higher than in benign cysts (P &lt; 0.0001). Haptoglobin using rapid colorimetric assay (RCA) on a training set had a sensitivity of 97.3% and a specificity 92.0%, comparable to ELISA and frozen sections. The haptoglobin AUROC curve was 0.999 (95% CI 0.997–1.000) compared with 0.895 (95% CI 0.814–0.977, P &lt; 0.05) for CA125. Haptoglobin performed significantly better than all the RMIs (P &lt; 0.01). Blinded validation studies showed a minor drop in average diagnostic performance (sensitivity 85.2% and specificity 90.5%) compared with the training set. However, when compared with frozen section, haptoglobin was no worse in diagnostic accuracy for malignancy. Conclusion Haptoglobin was identified as a biomarker for the detection of EOC with potential as a point‐of‐care diagnostic tool. Tweetable Haptoglobin within ovarian cyst fluid: a biomarker for epithelial ovarian cancer and point‐of‐care diagnostics. Tweetable Haptoglobin within ovarian cyst fluid: a biomarker for epithelial ovarian cancer and point‐of‐care diagnostics.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>28755436</pmid><doi>10.1111/1471-0528.14835</doi><tpages>11</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Accuracy
Adult
Aged
Asia, Southeastern
Benign
Biomarker
Biomarkers
Biomarkers, Tumor - analysis
CA-125 Antigen - analysis
Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial - diagnosis
Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial - pathology
Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial - surgery
Cohort Studies
Colorimetry
Cyst Fluid - diagnostic imaging
Cysts
Diagnosis, Differential
Diagnostic tests
Dimensional Measurement Accuracy
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
epithelial ovarian cancer
Female
frozen section
Frozen Sections - methods
Haptoglobin
Haptoglobins - analysis
Health risk assessment
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
Intraoperative Care - methods
in vitro diagnostic
Malignancy
Medical diagnosis
Middle Aged
Observational studies
Ovarian cancer
Ovarian Cysts - diagnosis
Ovarian Cysts - pathology
Ovarian Neoplasms - diagnosis
Ovarian Neoplasms - pathology
Ovarian Neoplasms - surgery
Point-of-Care Testing
point‐of‐care
Population studies
Proteomics - methods
Sensitivity and Specificity
title Diagnostic accuracy of haptoglobin within ovarian cyst fluid as a potential point‐of‐care test for epithelial ovarian cancer: an observational study
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