Adverse cutaneous reactions associated with the newest antiretroviral drugs in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection

HIV-infected patients have a higher risk of developing cutaneous reactions than the general population, which has a significant impact on patients’ current and future care options. The severity of cutaneous adverse reactions varies greatly, and some may be difficult to manage. HIV-infected patients...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 2008-11, Vol.62 (5), p.879-888
Main Authors: BORRAS-BLASCO, J, NAVARRO-RUIZ, A, BORRAS, C, CASTERA, E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
adverse drug reactions
Anti-HIV Agents - adverse effects
Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents
Antiretroviral drugs
Biological and medical sciences
Drug therapy
HAART
HIV
HIV Infections - drug therapy
Human immunodeficiency virus
Human viral diseases
Humans
Immunodeficiencies
Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies
Immunopathology
Infectious diseases
Medical sciences
Pharmacology
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Prescription drugs
Side effects
skin
Skin Diseases - chemically induced
Viral diseases
Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids
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Summary:HIV-infected patients have a higher risk of developing cutaneous reactions than the general population, which has a significant impact on patients’ current and future care options. The severity of cutaneous adverse reactions varies greatly, and some may be difficult to manage. HIV-infected patients just at the beginning of antiretroviral treatment can frequently show a wide variety of adverse drug effects such as drug rashes, hyperpigmentation, hair loss, hypersensitivity reactions, injection site reaction, urticarial reaction, erythema multiforme, toxic epidermal necrolysis or Stevens–Johnson syndrome. The early detection and treatment of cutaneous adverse drug reactions, plus identification of the causative agent, are essential to prevent the progression of the reaction, preventing additional exposures and ensuring the appropriate use of medications for the current condition and keeping in mind others, such as patient age. This article emphasizes the most common features of an antiretroviral drug-induced cutaneous reaction from protease inhibitors, non-nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors, fusion inhibitors, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, integrase inhibitors and inhibitors of the CCR5 chemokine receptor, paying special attention to the newest drugs approved for the treatment of HIV infection, such as tipranavir, darunavir, etravirine, enfuvirtide, raltegravir and maraviroc.
ISSN:0305-7453
1460-2091
DOI:10.1093/jac/dkn292