Analysis of the Association of Nonsynonymous Polymorphisms in ADH Genes with Hazardous Drinking in HIV‐1‐Positive Individuals

• Published in: Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research clinical and experimental research, 2017-11, Vol.41 (11), p.1866-1874
• Main Authors: Wolf, Jonas Michel, Simon, Daniel, Béria, Jorge Umberto, Tietzmann, Daniela Cardoso, Stein, Airton Tetelbom, Lunge, Vagner Ricardo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Alcohol; Alcohol Dehydrogenase; Alcohol Dehydrogenase - genetics; Alcohol use; Alcoholic beverages; Alcoholism - diagnosis; Alcoholism - enzymology; Alcoholism - genetics; Beverages; Case-Control Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Drinking behavior; Female; Genes; Genetic Association Studies - methods; Hazardous Drinking; Health risk assessment; HIV; HIV-1 - genetics; Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Polymerase chain reaction; Polymorphism; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide - genetics; Restriction fragment length polymorphism; Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
• ISSN: 0145-6008; 1530-0277
• DOI: 10.1111/acer.13486

Background Hazardous drinking (HD) is a serious health problem in people infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) genes have been associated with HD in different populations, but there were no data about this in HIV‐1‐positive individuals. This study investigated the association of 4 nonsynonymous SNPs in ADH genes (Arg48His and Arg370Cys in ADH1B gene; Arg272Gln and Ile350Val in ADH1C gene) with HD in people living with HIV‐1. Methods This case–control study included 365 HIV‐1‐positive individuals (121 with HD and 244 without HD). Sociodemographic variables were collected with a standardized individual questionnaire. HD (score ≥8) and binge drinking (BD) (drinks on the same occasion ≥5) were detected with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. The 4 SNPs were genotyped by the polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression analysis. The Bonferroni correction was used (considering the 4 SNPs studied). Results There were no significant differences in the frequencies of Arg370Cys, Arg272Gln, and Ile350Val polymorphisms between HD cases and controls. Otherwise, Arg/His genotype (rs1229984) in ADH1B gene showed a protective effect against HD (aOR = 0.36; 95% CI: 0.14 to 0.90) and BD (aOR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.95). Nevertheless, these differences were no longer significant after Bonferroni correction. Conclusions The results of this study suggest a possible effect of the Arg48His genotype on the protection against HD in HIV‐1‐positive individuals. Hazardous drinking (HD) and binge drinking (BD) are frequent problem in persons living with HIV/AIDS. AUD and BD are influenced for genetic factors. This case‐control study investigated the association of four non‐synonymous polymorphisms in alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) genes with HD and BD in HIV‐1 positive individuals. Arg370Cys (rs2066702), Ile350Val (rs698) and Arg272Gln (rs1693482) did not present association. Arg48His (rs1229984) showed a protective effect to HD and BD.