Dynamic proteome profiling of individual proteins in human skeletal muscle after a high‐fat diet and resistance exercise

ABSTRACT It is generally accepted that muscle adaptation to resistance exercise (REX) training is underpinned by contraction‐induced, increased rates of protein synthesis and dietary protein availability. By using dynamic proteome profiling (DPP), we investigated the contribution of both synthesis a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The FASEB journal 2017-12, Vol.31 (12), p.5478-5494
Main Authors: Camera, Donny M., Burniston, Jatin G., Pogson, Mark A., Smiles, William J., Hawley, John A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abundance
adaptation
Body weight
Breakdown
Carbohydrates
Contraction
Deuterium
Diet
Glucose
Heavy water
High fat diet
Males
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
metabolism
Muscle contraction
muscle protein synthesis
Muscles
Musculoskeletal system
Overweight
Protein biosynthesis
protein degradation
Protein synthesis
Proteins
Proteomes
Skeletal muscle
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Summary:ABSTRACT It is generally accepted that muscle adaptation to resistance exercise (REX) training is underpinned by contraction‐induced, increased rates of protein synthesis and dietary protein availability. By using dynamic proteome profiling (DPP), we investigated the contribution of both synthesis and breakdown to changes in abundance on a protein‐by‐protein basis in human skeletal muscle. Age‐matched, overweight males consumed 9 d of a high‐fat, low‐carbohydrate diet during which time they either undertook 3 sessions of REX or performed no exercise. Precursor enrichment and the rate of incorporation of deuterium oxide into newly synthesized muscle proteins were determined by mass spectrometry. Ninety proteins were included in the DPP, with 28 proteins exhibiting significant responses to REX. The most common pattern of response was an increase in turnover, followed by an increase in abundance with no detectable increase in protein synthesis. Here, we provide novel evidence that demonstrates that the contribution of synthesis and breakdown to changes in protein abundance induced by REX differ on a protein‐by‐protein basis. We also highlight the importance of the degradation of individual muscle proteins after exercise in human skeletal muscle.—Camera, D. M., Burniston, J. G., Pogson, M. A., Smiles, W. J., Hawley, J. A. Dynamic proteome profiling of individual proteins in human skeletal muscle after a high‐fat diet and resistance exercise. FASEB J. 31, 5478–5494 (2017). www.fasebj.org
ISSN:0892-6638
1530-6860
DOI:10.1096/fj.201700531R