3D Miniaturization of Human Organs for Drug Discovery

“Engineered human organs” hold promises for predicting the effectiveness and accuracy of drug responses while reducing cost, time, and failure rates in clinical trials. Multiorgan human models utilize many aspects of currently available technologies including self‐organized spherical 3D human organo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advanced healthcare materials 2018-01, Vol.7 (2), p.n/a
Main Authors: Park, Joseph, Wetzel, Isaac, Dréau, Didier, Cho, Hansang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3D bioprinting
Bioengineering
Biomedical engineering
Clinical trials
Cues
Drug development
Extracellular matrix
Failure rates
human organs
In vivo methods and tests
Medical research
microfabrication
Miniaturization
Organoids
Organs
Platforms
Spatial distribution
Structure-function relationships
Three dimensional printing
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Summary:“Engineered human organs” hold promises for predicting the effectiveness and accuracy of drug responses while reducing cost, time, and failure rates in clinical trials. Multiorgan human models utilize many aspects of currently available technologies including self‐organized spherical 3D human organoids, microfabricated 3D human organ chips, and 3D bioprinted human organ constructs to mimic key structural and functional properties of human organs. They enable precise control of multicellular activities, extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions, spatial distributions of cells, architectural organizations of ECM, and environmental cues. Thus, engineered human organs can provide the microstructures and biological functions of target organs and advantageously substitute multiscaled drug‐testing platforms including the current in vitro molecular assays, cell platforms, and in vivo models. This review provides an overview of advanced innovative designs based on the three main technologies used for organ construction leading to single and multiorgan systems useable for drug development. Current technological challenges and future perspectives are also discussed. “Engineered human organs” hold promises for predicting the effectiveness and accuracy of human drug responses with reduced cost and improved success in clinical trials. This review provides an overview of the three major technologies for organ construction, and recent successful examples of single and multiorgan systems usable for drug development. Furthermore, current technological challenges and future perspectives are discussed.
ISSN:2192-2640
2192-2659
DOI:10.1002/adhm.201700551