Rhabdomyolysis and Artifactual Increase in Plasma Bicarbonate Concentration in an Amazon Parrot (Amazona species)

A 7-year-old male Amazon parrot housed outdoors presented with acute collapse, marked lethargy, and open-mouth breathing. The patient had stiffness of the pectoral muscles, and petechiation and ecchymosis noted around the eyes and beneath the mandible. Laboratory data revealed markedly increased asp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of avian medicine and surgery 2017-09, Vol.31 (3), p.244-249
Main Authors: Leissinger, Mary K, Johnson, James G, Tully, Thomas N, Gaunt, Stephen D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acid-Base Equilibrium
Amazon parrot, Amazona species
Amazona - blood
Animals
Anti-inflammatory agents
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - therapeutic use
avian
bicarbonate
Bicarbonates - blood
Bird Diseases - blood
Bird Diseases - therapy
Care and treatment
Clinical Report
CLINICAL REPORTS
Diagnosis
Diet - veterinary
Dosage and administration
Fluid Therapy - veterinary
Housing, Animal
lactate dehydrogenase
Male
Medical examination
Meloxicam - therapeutic use
Parrots
Rhabdomyolysis
Rhabdomyolysis - blood
Rhabdomyolysis - therapy
Rhabdomyolysis - veterinary
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Summary:A 7-year-old male Amazon parrot housed outdoors presented with acute collapse, marked lethargy, and open-mouth breathing. The patient had stiffness of the pectoral muscles, and petechiation and ecchymosis noted around the eyes and beneath the mandible. Laboratory data revealed markedly increased aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, and lactate dehydrogenase activity consistent with rhabdomyolysis, as well as markedly increased plasma bicarbonate concentration. Marked clinical improvement and resolution of laboratory abnormalities occurred with fluid therapy, administration of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication, and husbandry modifications, including indoor housing and dietary alteration. A spurious increase in bicarbonate measurement as documented in equine and bovine cases of rhabdomyolysis also occurred in this avian patient and must be considered for accurate interpretation of acid–base status in exotic species presenting with consistent clinical signs.
ISSN:1082-6742
1938-2871
DOI:10.1647/2016-189