Distance of Hydroxyl Functionality from the Quaternized Center Influence DNA Binding and in Vitro Gene Delivery Efficacies of Cationic Lipids with Hydroxyalkyl Headgroups

• Published in: Journal of medicinal chemistry 2004-11, Vol.47 (23), p.5721-5728
• Main Authors: Mahidhar, Yenugonda Venkata, Rajesh, Mukthavaram, Madhavendra, Sunkara Sakunthala, Chaudhuri, Arabinda
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; beta-Galactosidase - biosynthesis; beta-Galactosidase - genetics; Biological and medical sciences; Biotechnology; Cations; Cell Line; Cercopithecus aethiops; Cricetinae; Cricetulus; Deoxyribonuclease I - chemistry; DNA - administration & dosage; DNA - chemistry; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gene therapy; Gene Transfer Techniques; Genes, Reporter; Health. Pharmaceutical industry; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects; Lipids - chemical synthesis; Lipids - chemistry; Lipids - toxicity; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - chemical synthesis; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - chemistry; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - toxicity; Structure-Activity Relationship; Transfection
• ISSN: 0022-2623; 1520-4804
• DOI: 10.1021/jm049656j

In vitro gene delivery efficacies of cationic amphiphiles 1−7 (Scheme ) were measured by both the reporter gene expression assays in CHO, COS-1, HepG2, and MCF7 cells and by the whole cell histochemical X-gal staining of representative Chinese hamster ovary cells. Our results demonstrated that in vitro gene delivery efficiencies of cationic lipids with hydroxyalkyl headgroups are adversely affected by increased covalent distances between the hydroxyl functionality and the cationic centers. Findings in the DNase I protection experiments and transmission electron microscopic study support the notion that such compromised gene delivery efficacies may originate from poor lipid−DNA binding interactions and significantly increased lipoplex nanosizes.