Immunomodulatory potential of β-glucan as supportive treatment in porcine rotavirus enteritis

• Published in: Veterinary immunology and immunopathology 2017-09, Vol.191, p.36-43
• Main Authors: Chethan, Gollahalli Eregowda, Garkhal, Jugal, Sircar, Shubhankar, Malik, Yash Pal Singh, Mukherjee, Reena, Sahoo, Nihar Ranjan, Agarwal, Rajesh Kumar, De, Ujjwal Kumar
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; beta-Glucans - therapeutic use; Enteritis - drug therapy; Enteritis - veterinary; Enteritis - virology; Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins - analysis; Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins - antagonists & inhibitors; Female; I-FABP2; IFN-γ; Immunity, Innate - drug effects; Immunologic Factors - therapeutic use; Intestines - chemistry; Intestines - drug effects; Intestines - virology; Male; Nitric Oxide - metabolism; NOx; Piglet; Rotavirus; Rotavirus Infections - drug therapy; Rotavirus Infections - veterinary; Rotavirus Infections - virology; Swine; Swine Diseases - drug therapy; Swine Diseases - virology; β-Glucan
• ISSN: 0165-2427; 1873-2534
• DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2017.07.012

•Immunomodulatory potential of β-glucan (BG) as supportive treatment (ST) was evaluated in porcine rotavirus enteritis.•ST along with BG treatment stimulated innate immunity and decreased Intestinal Fatty Acid Binding Protein-2 in porcine rotavirus enteritis.•ST-BG treatment decreased fecal consistency and dehydration scores in porcine rotavirus enteritis.•BG represents a potential additional therapeutic option for the management of porcine rotavirus enteritis. A non-blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted to assess the immunomodulatory potential of β-glucan (BG) in piglet diarrhoea associated with type A rotavirus infection. A total of 12 rotavirus-infected diarrheic piglets were randomly divided into two groups: wherein six rotavirus-infected piglets were treated with supportive treatment (ST) and other six rotavirus-infected piglets were treated with BG along with ST (ST-BG). Simultaneously, six healthy piglets were also included in the study which served as control. In rotavirus-infected piglets, marked increase of Intestinal Fatty Acid Binding Protein-2 (I-FABP2), nitric oxide (NOx), Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) concentrations and decrease of immunoglobulin G (IgG) were noticed compared to healthy piglets. The faecal consistency and dehydration scores were significantly higher in rotavirus-infected piglets than healthy piglets. The ST-BG treatment progressively reduced the I-FABP2 and increased the IgG concentrations over the time in rotavirus-infected piglets compared to piglets received only ST. A pronounced enhancement of NOx and IFN-γ concentrations was observed initially on day 3 and thereafter the values reduced on day 5 in ST-BG treated piglets in comparison to piglets which received only ST. Additionally, ST-BG treatment significantly reduced faecal consistency and dehydration scores on day 3 compared to ST in rotavirus-infected piglets. These findings point that BG represents a potential additional therapeutic option to improve the health condition and reduce the piglet mortality from rotavirus associated diarrhoea where porcine rotavirus vaccine is not available.