ADHD is associated with migraine: a systematic review and meta-analysis

An association between primary headaches and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has long been suggested. Moreover, headache is regarded as a common side effect of stimulants, the most effective treatment for ADHD. So far, no systematic review has evaluated the potential association betw...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European child & adolescent psychiatry 2018-03, Vol.27 (3), p.267-277
Main Authors: Salem, Haitham, Vivas, David, Cao, Fei, Kazimi, Iram F., Teixeira, Antonio L., Zeni, Cristian P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Child & adolescent psychiatry
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Headache
Headaches
Hyperactivity
Literature reviews
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Meta-analysis
Migraine
Psychiatry
Review
Reviews
Stimulants
Systematic review
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Summary:An association between primary headaches and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has long been suggested. Moreover, headache is regarded as a common side effect of stimulants, the most effective treatment for ADHD. So far, no systematic review has evaluated the potential association between ADHD and headache. We performed a systematic review of the literature and a meta-analysis of all reported studies on ADHD and primary headaches. Our analysis showed a positive association between ADHD and migraine (OR 1.322, 95% CI 1.018–1717, p value 0.036), but not with tension-type headache. There is a significant association between migraine and ADHD. The mechanisms underlying this association remain to be elucidated, warranting further studies.
ISSN:1018-8827
1435-165X
DOI:10.1007/s00787-017-1045-4