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Trends in pneumococcal meningitis hospitalizations following the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the United States
•Rates of pneumococcal meningitis decreased following introduction of PCV13 vaccine.•Rates of non-pneumococcal meningitis also decreased in the U.S. from 2008–2014.•No change in case fatality rate in patients with PM over this time period. The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was int...
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Published in: | Vaccine 2017-10, Vol.35 (45), p.6160-6165 |
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description | •Rates of pneumococcal meningitis decreased following introduction of PCV13 vaccine.•Rates of non-pneumococcal meningitis also decreased in the U.S. from 2008–2014.•No change in case fatality rate in patients with PM over this time period.
The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was introduced in 2010 in the U.S. and its impact on pneumococcal meningitis (PM) is unknown. We assessed the impact of PCV13 on PM hospitalization rates 4years after the vaccine was introduced.
This was a retrospective analysis of the National Inpatient Sample from 2008–2014. Patients with an ICD-9-CM code for PM (320.1) were identified and rates calculated using US Census data as the denominator. Data weights were used to derive national estimates. We examined three time periods: 2008–2009 (late post-PCV7), 2010 (transition year), and 2011–2014 (post-PCV13).
During the study period, there were 10,493 hospitalizations due to PM in the U.S. Overall, PM incidence decreased from 0.62 to 0.38 cases per 100,000 over this time (39% decrease; P |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.09.050 |
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The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was introduced in 2010 in the U.S. and its impact on pneumococcal meningitis (PM) is unknown. We assessed the impact of PCV13 on PM hospitalization rates 4years after the vaccine was introduced.
This was a retrospective analysis of the National Inpatient Sample from 2008–2014. Patients with an ICD-9-CM code for PM (320.1) were identified and rates calculated using US Census data as the denominator. Data weights were used to derive national estimates. We examined three time periods: 2008–2009 (late post-PCV7), 2010 (transition year), and 2011–2014 (post-PCV13).
During the study period, there were 10,493 hospitalizations due to PM in the U.S. Overall, PM incidence decreased from 0.62 to 0.38 cases per 100,000 over this time (39% decrease; P<0.01). Among children <2years, the average annualized PM rate decreased by 45% from 2.19 to 1.20 per 100,000 (P=0.10). Annual PM rates decreased in those aged 18–39years (0.25–0.15 cases per 100,000; P=0.02) and 40–64years (0.95–0.54 cases per 100,000; P=0.03). A total of 1016 deaths were due to PM, and the case fatality rate was variable over the study period (8.3%–11.2%; P=0.96).
Following the introduction of PCV13, hospitalization rates for PM decreased significantly with no subsequent improvements in case-fatality rate.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0264-410X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2518</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.09.050</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28951086</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Censuses ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Children ; Conjugate vaccine ; Epidemiology ; Fatalities ; Female ; Hospitalization - trends ; Humans ; Immunization ; Incidence ; Inpatients - statistics & numerical data ; International Classification of Diseases - statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Meningitis ; Meningitis, Pneumococcal - immunology ; Meningitis, Pneumococcal - prevention & control ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Pneumococcal Vaccines - immunology ; Retrospective Studies ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Streptococcus infections ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; Trends ; United States ; Vaccines ; Vaccines, Conjugate - immunology ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Vaccine, 2017-10, Vol.35 (45), p.6160-6165</ispartof><rights>2017 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier Limited Oct 27, 2017</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c393t-d2d239ac54682aa6d6801f9e1fbcebb8888ec8351354140bfce04af4f979c38d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c393t-d2d239ac54682aa6d6801f9e1fbcebb8888ec8351354140bfce04af4f979c38d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28951086$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Jacobs, David M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yung, Francine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hart, Emily</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nguyen, Melanie N.H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shaver, Amy</creatorcontrib><title>Trends in pneumococcal meningitis hospitalizations following the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the United States</title><title>Vaccine</title><addtitle>Vaccine</addtitle><description>•Rates of pneumococcal meningitis decreased following introduction of PCV13 vaccine.•Rates of non-pneumococcal meningitis also decreased in the U.S. from 2008–2014.•No change in case fatality rate in patients with PM over this time period.
The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was introduced in 2010 in the U.S. and its impact on pneumococcal meningitis (PM) is unknown. We assessed the impact of PCV13 on PM hospitalization rates 4years after the vaccine was introduced.
This was a retrospective analysis of the National Inpatient Sample from 2008–2014. Patients with an ICD-9-CM code for PM (320.1) were identified and rates calculated using US Census data as the denominator. Data weights were used to derive national estimates. We examined three time periods: 2008–2009 (late post-PCV7), 2010 (transition year), and 2011–2014 (post-PCV13).
During the study period, there were 10,493 hospitalizations due to PM in the U.S. Overall, PM incidence decreased from 0.62 to 0.38 cases per 100,000 over this time (39% decrease; P<0.01). Among children <2years, the average annualized PM rate decreased by 45% from 2.19 to 1.20 per 100,000 (P=0.10). Annual PM rates decreased in those aged 18–39years (0.25–0.15 cases per 100,000; P=0.02) and 40–64years (0.95–0.54 cases per 100,000; P=0.03). A total of 1016 deaths were due to PM, and the case fatality rate was variable over the study period (8.3%–11.2%; P=0.96).
Following the introduction of PCV13, hospitalization rates for PM decreased significantly with no subsequent improvements in case-fatality rate.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Censuses</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Conjugate vaccine</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Fatalities</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Hospitalization - trends</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunization</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Inpatients - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>International Classification of Diseases - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Meningitis</subject><subject>Meningitis, Pneumococcal - immunology</subject><subject>Meningitis, Pneumococcal - prevention & control</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Pneumococcal Vaccines - immunology</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Staphylococcus aureus</subject><subject>Streptococcus infections</subject><subject>Streptococcus pneumoniae</subject><subject>Trends</subject><subject>United States</subject><subject>Vaccines</subject><subject>Vaccines, Conjugate - immunology</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0264-410X</issn><issn>1873-2518</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkc-O1SAYxYnRONfRR9A0ceOmFQq0sDJm4qjJJC6cSdwRCl9naFq4Ar1GH8MnHuq9muhGNiSc3_n-cBB6TnBDMOleT81BG-M8NC0mfYNlgzl-gHZE9LRuOREP0Q63HasZwV_O0JOUJowxp0Q-RmetkJxg0e3Qz-sI3qbK-WrvYV2CCcbouVrAO3_rskvVXUh7l_Xsfujsgk_VGOY5fCtyle-gOHMMdjWbVoXx1xuh9UHP4PPfRU3w03qrM1Sn2be2G3_jXQZbfc5FS0_Ro1HPCZ6d7nN0c_nu-uJDffXp_ceLt1e1oZLm2ra2pVIbzjrRat3ZTmAySiDjYGAYRDlgBOWEckYYHkYDmOmRjbKXhgpLz9GrY919DF9XSFktLhmYZ-0hrEkRyWjHRMtZQV_-g05hjb5MVyhOOt73UhaKHykTQ0oRRrWPbtHxuyJYbaGpSZ0WV1toCktVQiu-F6fq67CA_eP6nVIB3hwBKN9xcBBVMg68AesimKxscP9pcQ9cIa5O</recordid><startdate>20171027</startdate><enddate>20171027</enddate><creator>Jacobs, David M.</creator><creator>Yung, Francine</creator><creator>Hart, Emily</creator><creator>Nguyen, Melanie N.H.</creator><creator>Shaver, Amy</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier Limited</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88C</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M0T</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20171027</creationdate><title>Trends in pneumococcal meningitis hospitalizations following the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the United States</title><author>Jacobs, David M. ; Yung, Francine ; Hart, Emily ; Nguyen, Melanie N.H. ; Shaver, Amy</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c393t-d2d239ac54682aa6d6801f9e1fbcebb8888ec8351354140bfce04af4f979c38d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Censuses</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Conjugate vaccine</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Fatalities</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Hospitalization - trends</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunization</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Inpatients - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>International Classification of Diseases - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Meningitis</topic><topic>Meningitis, Pneumococcal - immunology</topic><topic>Meningitis, Pneumococcal - prevention & control</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Pneumococcal Vaccines - immunology</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Staphylococcus aureus</topic><topic>Streptococcus infections</topic><topic>Streptococcus pneumoniae</topic><topic>Trends</topic><topic>United States</topic><topic>Vaccines</topic><topic>Vaccines, Conjugate - immunology</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Jacobs, David M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yung, Francine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hart, Emily</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nguyen, Melanie N.H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shaver, Amy</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Healthcare Administration Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection (Proquest) (PQ_SDU_P3)</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Biological Sciences</collection><collection>Family Health Database (Proquest)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Healthcare Administration Database</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest_Research Library</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Vaccine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Jacobs, David M.</au><au>Yung, Francine</au><au>Hart, Emily</au><au>Nguyen, Melanie N.H.</au><au>Shaver, Amy</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Trends in pneumococcal meningitis hospitalizations following the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the United States</atitle><jtitle>Vaccine</jtitle><addtitle>Vaccine</addtitle><date>2017-10-27</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>45</issue><spage>6160</spage><epage>6165</epage><pages>6160-6165</pages><issn>0264-410X</issn><eissn>1873-2518</eissn><abstract>•Rates of pneumococcal meningitis decreased following introduction of PCV13 vaccine.•Rates of non-pneumococcal meningitis also decreased in the U.S. from 2008–2014.•No change in case fatality rate in patients with PM over this time period.
The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was introduced in 2010 in the U.S. and its impact on pneumococcal meningitis (PM) is unknown. We assessed the impact of PCV13 on PM hospitalization rates 4years after the vaccine was introduced.
This was a retrospective analysis of the National Inpatient Sample from 2008–2014. Patients with an ICD-9-CM code for PM (320.1) were identified and rates calculated using US Census data as the denominator. Data weights were used to derive national estimates. We examined three time periods: 2008–2009 (late post-PCV7), 2010 (transition year), and 2011–2014 (post-PCV13).
During the study period, there were 10,493 hospitalizations due to PM in the U.S. Overall, PM incidence decreased from 0.62 to 0.38 cases per 100,000 over this time (39% decrease; P<0.01). Among children <2years, the average annualized PM rate decreased by 45% from 2.19 to 1.20 per 100,000 (P=0.10). Annual PM rates decreased in those aged 18–39years (0.25–0.15 cases per 100,000; P=0.02) and 40–64years (0.95–0.54 cases per 100,000; P=0.03). A total of 1016 deaths were due to PM, and the case fatality rate was variable over the study period (8.3%–11.2%; P=0.96).
Following the introduction of PCV13, hospitalization rates for PM decreased significantly with no subsequent improvements in case-fatality rate.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>28951086</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.09.050</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adolescent Adult Aged Censuses Child Child, Preschool Children Conjugate vaccine Epidemiology Fatalities Female Hospitalization - trends Humans Immunization Incidence Inpatients - statistics & numerical data International Classification of Diseases - statistics & numerical data Male Meningitis Meningitis, Pneumococcal - immunology Meningitis, Pneumococcal - prevention & control Middle Aged Mortality Pneumococcal Vaccines - immunology Retrospective Studies Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus infections Streptococcus pneumoniae Trends United States Vaccines Vaccines, Conjugate - immunology Young Adult |
title | Trends in pneumococcal meningitis hospitalizations following the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the United States |
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