Comparison of Clinical, Radiographic, and Immunologic Inflammatory Parameters around Crestally and Subcrestally Placed Dental Implants: 5‐Year Retrospective Results

• Published in: Journal of prosthodontics 2018-01, Vol.27 (1), p.3-9
• Main Authors: Al Amri, Mohammad D., Alfadda, Sara A., Labban, Nawaf Y., Alasqah, Mohammed N., Alshehri, Fahad A., Al‐Rasheed, Abdulaziz S.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bone implants; Bone loss; Crestal bone loss; crestal placement; Dental implants; Dental prosthetics; Dental restorative materials; Dentistry; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Gelatinase B; Inflammation; Interleukin 1; Matrix metalloproteinase; Metalloproteinase; peri‐implant inflammation; proinflammatory cytokines; Statistical analysis; subcrestal; Transplants & implants
• ISSN: 1059-941X; 1532-849X
• DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12637

Purpose To compare changes in clinical (bleeding on probing [BOP] and probing pocket depth [PPD]), radiographic (crestal bone loss [CBL]), and immunologic inflammatory (interleukin‐1beta [IL‐1β] and matrix metalloproteinase‐9 [MMP‐9]) parameters around crestally and subcrestally placed dental implants 5 years after implant placement. Materials and Methods Fifty‐two patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n = 27): patients with single implants placed approximately 2 mm below the alveolar crest; group 2 (n = 25): patients with single implants placed at bone level. In both groups, peri‐implant BOP, PPD, and CBL were measured, and levels of IL‐1β and MMP‐9 were determined in duplicates using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Full‐mouth debridement was performed biannually in both groups. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann‐Whitney U test (significance set at p < 0.05). Results All measurements in groups 1 and 2 were performed 5.3 ± 0.2 and 5.2 ± 0.1 years after implant placement, respectively. The mean CBL was 1.2 ± 0.2 mm and 1.4 ± 0.2 mm in groups 1 and 2, respectively. There was no significant difference in mean BOP, PPD, CBL and in levels of IL‐1β, and MMP‐9 among implants in both groups. Conclusion Clinical, radiographic, and immunologic inflammatory parameters are comparable around crestally and subcrestally placed single dental implants up to 5 years after placement. The depth of implant placement appears to have no effect on clinical status and performance of single dental implants.