In vitro Culture of Medicago arborea L. Anthers: Initial Response

High production of viable somatic embryos was obtained from cultured anthers in the second phase of meiosis, using microscopic level observations of tetrads. The medium with the greatest embryogenic efficiency was H6, composed of Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 2 mg l-1 of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyac...

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Published in:Plant growth regulation 2006-05, Vol.49 (1), p.49-60
Main Authors: Lanas, I, Gallego, P, Martin, L, Fernandez, J, Alonso, A, Elena-Rosello, J, Blazquez, A, Villalobos, N, Guerra, H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
2,4-D
albino
Alfalfa
anther culture
Anthers
Calcium
callus
chemical composition
culture media
developmental stages
Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
dose response
embryogenesis
Embryos
genetic variation
in vitro regeneration
Ion concentration
Kinetin
Leaves
Medicago arborea
Meiosis
quantitative analysis
Seedlings
Somatic embryos
Starch
Sucrose
Tetrads
varieties
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Summary:High production of viable somatic embryos was obtained from cultured anthers in the second phase of meiosis, using microscopic level observations of tetrads. The medium with the greatest embryogenic efficiency was H6, composed of Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 2 mg l-1 of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.5 mg l-1 of kinetin. All (100%) of the somatic embryos obtained germinated and produced 63% green and 37% albino seedlings. In general, embryogenic calli had a higher ion concentration than non-embryogenic calli, with the exception of calcium whose concentration was higher in non-embryogenic calli. The calli induced in the different media differed in their sucrose and starch compositions. The most embryogenic medium H6-induced calli with the highest sucrose concentration and the lowest starch concentration, before visible embryos were observed. In the leaves of the albino seedlings, sucrose concentrations were very high while those of starch were very low. Ion concentrations were also lower in albino plants than in the leaves of green seedlings, with the exception of calcium, whose concentration was higher. Most of the albino individuals were homozygous, even when their progenitors were heterozygous, thereby confirming their haploid nature.
ISSN:0167-6903
1573-5087
DOI:10.1007/s10725-006-0007-5