The Dorsal Attention Network Reflects Both Encoding Load and Top–down Control during Working Memory

• Published in: Journal of cognitive neuroscience 2018-02, Vol.30 (2), p.144-159
• Main Authors: Majerus, Steve, Péters, Frédéric, Bouffier, Marion, Cowan, Nelson, Phillips, Christophe
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Attention; Attention - physiology; Auditory Perception - physiology; Brain - diagnostic imaging; Brain - physiology; Brain Mapping; Cognition & reasoning; Female; Humans; Information processing; Language; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Memory; Memory, Short-Term - physiology; Multivariate analysis; Neural Pathways - diagnostic imaging; Neural Pathways - physiology; Neurosciences; Neurosciences & behavior; Neurosciences & comportement; Psychologie cognitive & théorique; Recognition (Psychology) - physiology; Sciences sociales & comportementales, psychologie; Sensory integration; Sensory stimuli; Short term memory; Social & behavioral sciences, psychology; Theoretical & cognitive psychology; Visual Perception - physiology; Visual stimuli; Young Adult
• ISSN: 0898-929X; 1530-8898; 1530-8898
• DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01195

The dorsal attention network is consistently involved in verbal and visual working memory (WM) tasks and has been associated with task-related, top–down control of attention. At the same time, WM capacity has been shown to depend on the amount of information that can be encoded in the focus of attention independently of top–down strategic control. We examined the role of the dorsal attention network in encoding load and top–down memory control during WM by manipulating encoding load and memory control requirements during a short-term probe recognition task for sequences of auditory (digits, letters) or visual (lines, unfamiliar faces) stimuli. Encoding load was manipulated by presenting sequences with small or large sets of memoranda while maintaining the amount of sensory stimuli constant. Top–down control was manipulated by instructing participants to passively maintain all stimuli or to selectively maintain stimuli from a predefined category. By using ROI and searchlight multivariate analysis strategies, we observed that the dorsal attention network encoded information for both load and control conditions in verbal and visuospatial modalities. Decoding of load conditions was in addition observed in modality-specific sensory cortices. These results highlight the complexity of the role of the dorsal attention network in WM by showing that this network supports both quantitative and qualitative aspects of attention during WM encoding, and this is in a partially modality-specific manner.