Improved strategies for electrochemical 1,4-NAD(P)H2 regeneration: A new era of bioreactors for industrial biocatalysis

Industrial enzymatic reactions requiring 1,4-NAD(P)H2 to perform redox transformations often require convoluted coupled enzyme regeneration systems to regenerate 1,4-NAD(P)H2 from NAD(P) and recycle the cofactor for as many turnovers as possible. Renewed interest in recycling the cofactor via electr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biotechnology advances 2018-01, Vol.36 (1), p.120-131
Main Authors: Morrison, Clifford S., Armiger, William B., Dodds, David R., Dordick, Jonathan S., Koffas, Mattheos A.G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biocatalysis
Cofactor regeneration
Cofactors
Electrochemical bioreactors
Industrial biotechnology
NADH
NADPH
Renalase
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Summary:Industrial enzymatic reactions requiring 1,4-NAD(P)H2 to perform redox transformations often require convoluted coupled enzyme regeneration systems to regenerate 1,4-NAD(P)H2 from NAD(P) and recycle the cofactor for as many turnovers as possible. Renewed interest in recycling the cofactor via electrochemical means is motivated by the low cost of performing electrochemical reactions, easy monitoring of the reaction progress, and straightforward product recovery. However, electrochemical cofactor regeneration methods invariably produce adventitious reduced cofactor side products which result in unproductive loss of input NAD(P). We review various literature strategies for mitigating adventitious product formation by electrochemical cofactor regeneration systems, and offer insight as to how a successful electrochemical bioreactor system could be constructed to engineer efficient 1,4-NAD(P)H2-dependent enzyme reactions of interest to the industrial biocatalysis community.
ISSN:0734-9750
1873-1899
DOI:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.10.003