Preload of slowly digestible carbohydrate microspheres decreases gastric emptying rate of subsequent meal in humans

Gastric emptying rate influences how fast the nutrients of a meal are delivered to the body, and when slow, it moderates glycemic response and may impact satiety. Carbohydrates are one of the macronutrients that trigger the ileal brake, and we hypothesized that slowly digestible carbohydrate (SDC) a...

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Published in:Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2017-09, Vol.45, p.46-51
Main Authors: Cisse, Fatimata, Pletsch, Elizabeth A., Erickson, Daniel P., Chegeni, Mohammad, Hayes, Anna M.R., Hamaker, Bruce R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Blood Glucose - analysis
Caprylates
Carbon Isotopes
Cross-Over Studies
Crossover trial
Dietary carbohydrates
Dietary Carbohydrates - administration & dosage
Digestion
Digestion - physiology
Female
Gastric emptying
Gastric Emptying - physiology
Humans
Male
Meals
Microspheres
Satiation - physiology
Starch
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Summary:Gastric emptying rate influences how fast the nutrients of a meal are delivered to the body, and when slow, it moderates glycemic response and may impact satiety. Carbohydrates are one of the macronutrients that trigger the ileal brake, and we hypothesized that slowly digestible carbohydrate (SDC) administered in a premeal load would delay gastric emptying. A crossover design study was conducted with 10 healthy adults using fabricated SDC-microspheres (cooked) that were given 20 minutes before a non-nutritive viscous paste meal. There were 4 treatment arms, each separated by a 1-week washout period, consisting of (1) the paste alone, (2) a rapidly digesting maltodextrin (Polycose) preload followed by the paste 20 minutes later, (3) an SDC-microsphere preload followed by the paste, and (4) a comparably slower SDC-microsphere preload followed by the paste. A 13C-labeled octanoic acid breath test method was used to measure gastric emptying, with the label incorporated into the non-nutritive paste. The microspheres were less than 1 mm in diameter (a size that does not require breakdown in the stomach before emptying) and, after cooking, were of the same density value. Compared with the paste alone, both of the SDC-microsphere preloads (slow and comparably slower digesting) decreased gastric emptying rate of the paste, with the latter having the most effect (half-emptying times of 1.7, 2.3, and 2.8 hours, respectively [each different at P
ISSN:0271-5317
1879-0739
DOI:10.1016/j.nutres.2017.06.009