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Consequences of inbreeding and reduced genetic variation on tolerance to cadmium stress in the midge Chironomus riparius
Inbreeding and loss of genetic variation are considered to be major threats to small and endangered populations. The reduction of fitness due to inbreeding is believed to be more severe under stressful environmental conditions. We generated nine strains of the ecotoxicological model organism Chirono...
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Published in: | Aquatic toxicology 2007-12, Vol.85 (4), p.278-284 |
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creator | Nowak, Carsten Jost, Daniel Vogt, Christian Oetken, Matthias Schwenk, Klaus Oehlmann, Jörg |
description | Inbreeding and loss of genetic variation are considered to be major threats to small and endangered populations. The reduction of fitness due to inbreeding is believed to be more severe under stressful environmental conditions. We generated nine strains of the ecotoxicological model organism
Chironomus riparius of different inbreeding levels in order to test the hypothesis that the inbreeding level and thus the degree of genome-wide homozygosity influences the life-history under cadmium exposure. Therefore, midge populations were exposed to a gradient of sediment-bound cadmium. The level of genetic variation in the used strains was assessed using microsatellite markers.
In the life-cycle tests, inbreeding reduced fitness within
C. riparius populations both under control and stressed conditions. However, differences between genetically diverse and impoverished strains were greatest at high cadmium exposure. Overall, inbreeding effects were not only dependent on cadmium concentrations in the sediment, but also on the life-history trait investigated. While some parameters where only affected by inbreeding, others were altered by both, inbreeding and cadmium. For the larval developmental time, a significant interaction was found between inbreeding and cadmium stress. While all strains showed a similar developmental time under control conditions, high rates of inbreeding led to a significantly delayed emergence time under high cadmium concentrations, resulting in longer generation periods and reduced population growth rates as population-relevant effects.
The results show, that bioassays with
C. riparius are affected by the level of inbreeding within
Chironomus test strains. Pollution stress is therefore likely to affect the survival of rare and endangered populations more severe than that of large and genetically diverse ones. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.04.015 |
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Chironomus riparius of different inbreeding levels in order to test the hypothesis that the inbreeding level and thus the degree of genome-wide homozygosity influences the life-history under cadmium exposure. Therefore, midge populations were exposed to a gradient of sediment-bound cadmium. The level of genetic variation in the used strains was assessed using microsatellite markers.
In the life-cycle tests, inbreeding reduced fitness within
C. riparius populations both under control and stressed conditions. However, differences between genetically diverse and impoverished strains were greatest at high cadmium exposure. Overall, inbreeding effects were not only dependent on cadmium concentrations in the sediment, but also on the life-history trait investigated. While some parameters where only affected by inbreeding, others were altered by both, inbreeding and cadmium. For the larval developmental time, a significant interaction was found between inbreeding and cadmium stress. While all strains showed a similar developmental time under control conditions, high rates of inbreeding led to a significantly delayed emergence time under high cadmium concentrations, resulting in longer generation periods and reduced population growth rates as population-relevant effects.
The results show, that bioassays with
C. riparius are affected by the level of inbreeding within
Chironomus test strains. Pollution stress is therefore likely to affect the survival of rare and endangered populations more severe than that of large and genetically diverse ones.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0166-445X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-1514</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.04.015</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17981347</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AQTODG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Alleles ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Animals ; Applied ecology ; bioassays ; Biological and medical sciences ; cadmium ; Cadmium - toxicity ; Chironomidae ; Chironomidae - drug effects ; Chironomidae - genetics ; Chironomidae - metabolism ; Chironomus ; Chironomus riparius ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; DNA - chemistry ; DNA - genetics ; Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution ; Female ; Freshwater ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; General aspects ; Genetic diversity ; Genetic Variation ; Geologic Sediments ; Heavy metal stress ; heavy metals ; Inbreeding ; Inbreeding depression ; life cycle (organisms) ; Life Cycle Stages - drug effects ; Life Cycle Stages - physiology ; Male ; metal tolerance ; Microsatellite Repeats - genetics ; Microsatellites ; midges ; population genetics ; Statistics, Nonparametric ; toxicity testing ; Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity</subject><ispartof>Aquatic toxicology, 2007-12, Vol.85 (4), p.278-284</ispartof><rights>2007 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>2008 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c545t-8a87a98ea3fad3acfb55b0b44caa5283f82c2b82d1d1145e244d451a24f3fc283</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c545t-8a87a98ea3fad3acfb55b0b44caa5283f82c2b82d1d1145e244d451a24f3fc283</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=19865783$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17981347$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Nowak, Carsten</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jost, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vogt, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oetken, Matthias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schwenk, Klaus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oehlmann, Jörg</creatorcontrib><title>Consequences of inbreeding and reduced genetic variation on tolerance to cadmium stress in the midge Chironomus riparius</title><title>Aquatic toxicology</title><addtitle>Aquat Toxicol</addtitle><description>Inbreeding and loss of genetic variation are considered to be major threats to small and endangered populations. The reduction of fitness due to inbreeding is believed to be more severe under stressful environmental conditions. We generated nine strains of the ecotoxicological model organism
Chironomus riparius of different inbreeding levels in order to test the hypothesis that the inbreeding level and thus the degree of genome-wide homozygosity influences the life-history under cadmium exposure. Therefore, midge populations were exposed to a gradient of sediment-bound cadmium. The level of genetic variation in the used strains was assessed using microsatellite markers.
In the life-cycle tests, inbreeding reduced fitness within
C. riparius populations both under control and stressed conditions. However, differences between genetically diverse and impoverished strains were greatest at high cadmium exposure. Overall, inbreeding effects were not only dependent on cadmium concentrations in the sediment, but also on the life-history trait investigated. While some parameters where only affected by inbreeding, others were altered by both, inbreeding and cadmium. For the larval developmental time, a significant interaction was found between inbreeding and cadmium stress. While all strains showed a similar developmental time under control conditions, high rates of inbreeding led to a significantly delayed emergence time under high cadmium concentrations, resulting in longer generation periods and reduced population growth rates as population-relevant effects.
The results show, that bioassays with
C. riparius are affected by the level of inbreeding within
Chironomus test strains. Pollution stress is therefore likely to affect the survival of rare and endangered populations more severe than that of large and genetically diverse ones.</description><subject>Alleles</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Applied ecology</subject><subject>bioassays</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>cadmium</subject><subject>Cadmium - toxicity</subject><subject>Chironomidae</subject><subject>Chironomidae - drug effects</subject><subject>Chironomidae - genetics</subject><subject>Chironomidae - metabolism</subject><subject>Chironomus</subject><subject>Chironomus riparius</subject><subject>Conservation of Natural Resources</subject><subject>DNA - chemistry</subject><subject>DNA - genetics</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Freshwater</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>General aspects</subject><subject>Genetic diversity</subject><subject>Genetic Variation</subject><subject>Geologic Sediments</subject><subject>Heavy metal stress</subject><subject>heavy metals</subject><subject>Inbreeding</subject><subject>Inbreeding depression</subject><subject>life cycle (organisms)</subject><subject>Life Cycle Stages - drug effects</subject><subject>Life Cycle Stages - physiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>metal tolerance</subject><subject>Microsatellite Repeats - genetics</subject><subject>Microsatellites</subject><subject>midges</subject><subject>population genetics</subject><subject>Statistics, Nonparametric</subject><subject>toxicity testing</subject><subject>Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity</subject><issn>0166-445X</issn><issn>1879-1514</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkU1v3CAQhlHVqtmk_QltuTQ3u2CDjU9VteqXFKmHNlJvaAzDhpVtNmBH6b8v1lrKMQgJDs87DPMQ8o6zkjPefDqWcL_AHB7LirG2ZKJkXL4gO67aruCSi5dkl7mmEEL-vSCXKR1ZXpXoXpML3naK16Ldkcd9mBLeLzgZTDQ46qc-Ilo_HShMlka0i0FLDzjh7A19gOhh9mGiec9hwAg5mW_UgB39MtI0R0wp16HzHdLR2wPS_Z2PYQrjkmj0p1xiSW_IKwdDwrfbeUVuv339s_9R3Pz6_nP_5aYwUsi5UKBa6BRC7cDWYFwvZc96IQyArFTtVGWqXlWWW86FxEoIKySHSrjamQxcketz3VMM-Ztp1qNPBocBJgxL0ryTOVPXz4NCSdU1LIPyDJoYUoro9Cn6EeI_zZle3eij3tzo1Y1mQmc3Ofd-e2DpR7RPqU1GBj5uACQDg1tH69MT16lGtmrt9MOZcxA0HGJmbn9XjNeMqYY1osnE5zOBebIPHqNOxq-KrY9oZm2Df6bZ_x7ou5w</recordid><startdate>20071230</startdate><enddate>20071230</enddate><creator>Nowak, Carsten</creator><creator>Jost, Daniel</creator><creator>Vogt, Christian</creator><creator>Oetken, Matthias</creator><creator>Schwenk, Klaus</creator><creator>Oehlmann, Jörg</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier Science</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20071230</creationdate><title>Consequences of inbreeding and reduced genetic variation on tolerance to cadmium stress in the midge Chironomus riparius</title><author>Nowak, Carsten ; Jost, Daniel ; Vogt, Christian ; Oetken, Matthias ; Schwenk, Klaus ; Oehlmann, Jörg</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c545t-8a87a98ea3fad3acfb55b0b44caa5283f82c2b82d1d1145e244d451a24f3fc283</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Alleles</topic><topic>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Applied ecology</topic><topic>bioassays</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>cadmium</topic><topic>Cadmium - toxicity</topic><topic>Chironomidae</topic><topic>Chironomidae - drug effects</topic><topic>Chironomidae - genetics</topic><topic>Chironomidae - metabolism</topic><topic>Chironomus</topic><topic>Chironomus riparius</topic><topic>Conservation of Natural Resources</topic><topic>DNA - chemistry</topic><topic>DNA - genetics</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Freshwater</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>General aspects</topic><topic>Genetic diversity</topic><topic>Genetic Variation</topic><topic>Geologic Sediments</topic><topic>Heavy metal stress</topic><topic>heavy metals</topic><topic>Inbreeding</topic><topic>Inbreeding depression</topic><topic>life cycle (organisms)</topic><topic>Life Cycle Stages - drug effects</topic><topic>Life Cycle Stages - physiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>metal tolerance</topic><topic>Microsatellite Repeats - genetics</topic><topic>Microsatellites</topic><topic>midges</topic><topic>population genetics</topic><topic>Statistics, Nonparametric</topic><topic>toxicity testing</topic><topic>Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Nowak, Carsten</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jost, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vogt, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oetken, Matthias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schwenk, Klaus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oehlmann, Jörg</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Aquatic toxicology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Nowak, Carsten</au><au>Jost, Daniel</au><au>Vogt, Christian</au><au>Oetken, Matthias</au><au>Schwenk, Klaus</au><au>Oehlmann, Jörg</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Consequences of inbreeding and reduced genetic variation on tolerance to cadmium stress in the midge Chironomus riparius</atitle><jtitle>Aquatic toxicology</jtitle><addtitle>Aquat Toxicol</addtitle><date>2007-12-30</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>85</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>278</spage><epage>284</epage><pages>278-284</pages><issn>0166-445X</issn><eissn>1879-1514</eissn><coden>AQTODG</coden><abstract>Inbreeding and loss of genetic variation are considered to be major threats to small and endangered populations. The reduction of fitness due to inbreeding is believed to be more severe under stressful environmental conditions. We generated nine strains of the ecotoxicological model organism
Chironomus riparius of different inbreeding levels in order to test the hypothesis that the inbreeding level and thus the degree of genome-wide homozygosity influences the life-history under cadmium exposure. Therefore, midge populations were exposed to a gradient of sediment-bound cadmium. The level of genetic variation in the used strains was assessed using microsatellite markers.
In the life-cycle tests, inbreeding reduced fitness within
C. riparius populations both under control and stressed conditions. However, differences between genetically diverse and impoverished strains were greatest at high cadmium exposure. Overall, inbreeding effects were not only dependent on cadmium concentrations in the sediment, but also on the life-history trait investigated. While some parameters where only affected by inbreeding, others were altered by both, inbreeding and cadmium. For the larval developmental time, a significant interaction was found between inbreeding and cadmium stress. While all strains showed a similar developmental time under control conditions, high rates of inbreeding led to a significantly delayed emergence time under high cadmium concentrations, resulting in longer generation periods and reduced population growth rates as population-relevant effects.
The results show, that bioassays with
C. riparius are affected by the level of inbreeding within
Chironomus test strains. Pollution stress is therefore likely to affect the survival of rare and endangered populations more severe than that of large and genetically diverse ones.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>17981347</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.04.015</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Alleles Animal, plant and microbial ecology Animals Applied ecology bioassays Biological and medical sciences cadmium Cadmium - toxicity Chironomidae Chironomidae - drug effects Chironomidae - genetics Chironomidae - metabolism Chironomus Chironomus riparius Conservation of Natural Resources DNA - chemistry DNA - genetics Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution Female Freshwater Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General aspects Genetic diversity Genetic Variation Geologic Sediments Heavy metal stress heavy metals Inbreeding Inbreeding depression life cycle (organisms) Life Cycle Stages - drug effects Life Cycle Stages - physiology Male metal tolerance Microsatellite Repeats - genetics Microsatellites midges population genetics Statistics, Nonparametric toxicity testing Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity |
title | Consequences of inbreeding and reduced genetic variation on tolerance to cadmium stress in the midge Chironomus riparius |
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