Microsatellite genetic variation within and among Arctic charr ( Salvelinus alpinus) from aquaculture and natural populations in North America

The amount of genetic variation in aquaculture strains of North American Arctic charr ( Salvelinus alpinus) originating from the Fraser River (Labrador), Nauyuk Lake and Tree River (Nunavut), and Lake Aleknagik (Alaska) was compared to that in natural populations using six microsatellite markers. Aq...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Aquaculture 2005-02, Vol.244 (1), p.63-75
Main Authors: Lundrigan, Tricia A., Reist, James D., Ferguson, Moira M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
alleles
anadromous fish
Animal aquaculture
Animal productions
Aquaculture
Biological and medical sciences
Cultured fishes
fish culture
Fisheries
Freshwater
freshwater fish
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General aspects
genetic distance
Genetic diversity
genetic markers
Genetic variation
microsatellite repeats
Natural populations
neighbor-joining analysis
phylogeny
Population differentiation
Salvelinus alpinus
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Summary:The amount of genetic variation in aquaculture strains of North American Arctic charr ( Salvelinus alpinus) originating from the Fraser River (Labrador), Nauyuk Lake and Tree River (Nunavut), and Lake Aleknagik (Alaska) was compared to that in natural populations using six microsatellite markers. Aquaculture strains originating from Nauyuk Lake and Tree River had less genetic variability than their wild source populations in terms of allelic diversity, but not necessarily in observed heterozygosity. In aquaculture strains, the average number of alleles is positively associated with the number of fish used to produce each strain. Pairwise tests for genetic differentiation between populations were significant for all but three comparisons. These comparisons consisted of consecutive year classes of cultured Labrador and Nauyuk fish originating from the same wild collections. A neighbour joining tree grouped samples according to their geographic origin. These results indicate that hatchery strains and natural populations of Arctic charr are genetically differentiated and that small founding population sizes have contributed to reduced genetic variation in aquaculture strains. This genetic survey is intended as a baseline for future genetic monitoring of Arctic charr aquaculture strains and will aid in the development of breeding programs for production and management.
ISSN:0044-8486
1873-5622
DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.11.027