Chimpanzee adenoviral vectors as vaccines for outbreak pathogens

The 2014-15 Ebola outbreak in West Africa highlighted the potential for large disease outbreaks caused by emerging pathogens and has generated considerable focus on preparedness for future epidemics. Here we discuss drivers, strategies and practical considerations for developing vaccines against out...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics 2017-12, Vol.13 (12), p.3020-3032
Main Authors: Ewer, Katie, Sebastian, Sarah, Spencer, Alexandra J., Gilbert, Sarah, Hill, Adrian V. S., Lambe, Teresa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenoviridae - genetics
Adenoviridae - isolation & purification
Animals
Betacoronavirus
Drug Carriers
Drug Discovery - methods
Genetic Vectors
Humans
Lassa fever
MERS Co-V
Nipah
Pan troglodytes - virology
Research Papers
Vaccines
Vaccines - genetics
Vaccines - immunology
viral vectors
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Summary:The 2014-15 Ebola outbreak in West Africa highlighted the potential for large disease outbreaks caused by emerging pathogens and has generated considerable focus on preparedness for future epidemics. Here we discuss drivers, strategies and practical considerations for developing vaccines against outbreak pathogens. Chimpanzee adenoviral (ChAd) vectors have been developed as vaccine candidates for multiple infectious diseases and prostate cancer. ChAd vectors are safe and induce antigen-specific cellular and humoral immunity in all age groups, as well as circumventing the problem of pre-existing immunity encountered with human Ad vectors. For these reasons, such viral vectors provide an attractive platform for stockpiling vaccines for emergency deployment in response to a threatened outbreak of an emerging pathogen. Work is already underway to develop vaccines against a number of other outbreak pathogens and we will also review progress on these approaches here, particularly for Lassa fever, Nipah and MERS.
ISSN:2164-5515
2164-554X
DOI:10.1080/21645515.2017.1383575