The chemokine receptor type 4 antagonist, AMD3100, interrupts experimental tooth movement in rats

• Published in: Archives of oral biology 2018-02, Vol.86, p.35-39
• Main Authors: Hatano, Kasumi, Ishida, Yuji, Yamaguchi, Hiroyuki, Hosomichi, Jun, Suzuki, Jun-ichi, Usumi-Fujita, Risa, Shimizu, Yasuhiro, Shibutani, Naoki, Kaneko, Sawa, Ono, Takashi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alveolar Process - metabolism; AMD3100; Animals; Chemokine CXCL12 - antagonists & inhibitors; Dentistry; Heterocyclic Compounds - pharmacology; Molar; Orthodontic tooth movement; Osteoclast; Osteoclasts - drug effects; Periodontal ligament; Periodontal Ligament - cytology; Rats; Receptors, CXCR4 - antagonists & inhibitors; Stromal cell-derived factor-1; Tooth Movement Techniques - methods; X-Ray Microtomography
• ISSN: 0003-9969; 1879-1506
• DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.11.003

•AMD3100, SDF-1 antagonist, reduced the amounts of OTM.•AMD3100 inhibited the TRAP positive osteoclast accumulation in the PDL during OTM.•SDF-1/CXCR4 axis have an important role in the alveolar bone metabolism during OTM. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of the stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) axis in osteoclast accumulation, and the influence of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) under mechanical force application to periodontal tissues, by administration of the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100. The upper right first molar (M1) of rats was moved mesially with a 10-g force titanium-nickel closed coil spring. Rats were treated with phosphate-buffered saline or AMD3100 (5mg/kg), which is a SDF-1 antagonist. After 0, 1, 3, and 7days, alveolar bones in all groups were examined at each time point by micro-computed tomography and histological analysis. Tooth movement was decreased significantly in the AMD3100-treated group at 1, 3, and 7days after beginning OTM. The numbers of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated cells in the periodontal ligament around the maxillary M1 were decreased significantly in the treated as compared to the control group on Days 1 and 3. Administration of AMD3100 decreases OTM and osteoclast accumulation in rat molars under orthodontic force application. These findings suggest that the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis plays an important role in alveolar bone metabolism during OTM.