Review demonstrates that less invasive surfactant administration in preterm neonates leads to fewer complications

Surfactant treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was introduced in Europe during the 1990s. Meta‐analyses have indicated that using less invasive surfactant administration techniques on preterm neonates receiving continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) results in improved surv...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Acta Paediatrica 2018-05, Vol.107 (5), p.736-743
Main Authors: Gortner, Ludwig, Schüller, Simone S., Herting, Egbert
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bradycardia
Complications
Continuous positive airway pressure
Desaturation
Dysplasia
Hemorrhage
Less invasive surfactant administration
Lungs
Neonates
Oxygen
Oxygen requirement
Premature birth
Preterm neonate
Respiratory distress syndrome
Respiratory therapy
Respiratory tract
Surfactant therapy
Surfactants
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Summary:Surfactant treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was introduced in Europe during the 1990s. Meta‐analyses have indicated that using less invasive surfactant administration techniques on preterm neonates receiving continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) results in improved survival rates without bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Surfactant should be administered early and ventilator settings adapted to changing oxygen requirements and lung mechanics. Side effects including initial bradycardia, oxygen desaturation, tube obstruction and isolated cases of pulmonary haemorrhage have been reported. Conclusion Less invasive surfactant therapy improves pulmonary outcomes in preterm neonates with RDS and should ideally be administered in combination with CPAP.
ISSN:0803-5253
1651-2227
DOI:10.1111/apa.14161