Research on rat's pulmonary acute injury induced by lunar soil simulant

The steps to the moon never stopped after the Apollo Project. Lessons from manned landings on the moon have shown that lunar dust has great influence on the health of astronauts. In this paper, comparative studies between the lunar soil simulant (LSS) and PM2.5 were performed to discover their harm...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the Chinese Medical Association 2018-02, Vol.81 (2), p.133-140
Main Authors: Sun, Yan, Liu, Jin-Guo, Zheng, Yong-Chun, Xiao, Chun-Ling, Wan, Bing, Guo, Li, Wang, Xu-Guang, Bo, Wei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute injury
Acute Lung Injury - etiology
Acute Lung Injury - pathology
Animals
Lunar soil simulant
Lung
Lung - pathology
Male
Moon
Particulate Matter - toxicity
Peroxidase - metabolism
Pulmonary Artery - drug effects
Pulmonary Artery - pathology
Rat
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Soil
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Summary:The steps to the moon never stopped after the Apollo Project. Lessons from manned landings on the moon have shown that lunar dust has great influence on the health of astronauts. In this paper, comparative studies between the lunar soil simulant (LSS) and PM2.5 were performed to discover their harm to human biological systems and explore the methods of prevention and treatment of dust poisoning for future lunar manned landings. Rats were randomly divided into the control group, two CAS-1 lunar soil simulant groups (tracheal perfusion with 7 mg and 0.7 mg, respectively, in a 1-mL volume) and the PM2.5 group (tracheal perfusion with 0.7 mg in a 1-mL volume). The biochemical indicators in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), MPO activity in the lung tissue, pathologic changes, and inflammatory cells in the BALF were measured after 4 h and 24 h. The LSS group showed cytotoxicity that was closely related to the concentration. The figures of the two LSS groups (4 and 24 h) show that the alveolar septa were thickened. Additionally, it was observed that neutrophils had infiltrated, and various levels of inflammation occurred around the vascular and bronchial structures. The overall results of the acute effects of the lungs caused by dust showed that the lung toxicity of LSS was greater than that of PM2.5. LSS could induce lung damage and inflammatory lesions. The biomarkers in BALF caused by acute injury were consistent with histopathologic observations.
ISSN:1726-4901
1728-7731
DOI:10.1016/j.jcma.2016.10.016