The severity of periodontitis and metabolic syndrome in Korean population: The Dong‐gu study

• Published in: Journal of periodontal research 2018-06, Vol.53 (3), p.362-368
• Main Authors: Kim, O. S., Shin, M. H., Kweon, S. S., Lee, Y. H., Kim, O. J., Kim, Y. J., Chung, H. J.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alcohol Drinking; Cholesterol; Cholesterol - blood; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dentistry; Diabetes mellitus; elderly; Exercise; Female; Gum disease; Humans; Hypertriglyceridemia; inflammation; Male; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolic Syndrome - blood; Metabolic Syndrome - complications; Metabolic Syndrome - epidemiology; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Obesity, Abdominal; Periodontal Attachment Loss - complications; Periodontal Attachment Loss - epidemiology; periodontal diseases; Periodontal Diseases - complications; Periodontal Diseases - epidemiology; Periodontal Index; Periodontal Pocket - complications; Periodontal Pocket - epidemiology; Periodontitis; Periodontitis - complications; Periodontitis - epidemiology; Physical activity; Population studies; Prevalence; Regression Analysis; Republic of Korea - epidemiology; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Smoking; Smoking - epidemiology; Surveys and Questionnaires; Women
• ISSN: 0022-3484; 1600-0765
• DOI: 10.1111/jre.12521

Objectives We assessed the association between periodontal disease status and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its individual components in Korean adults over 50 years old. Material and Methods In the Dong‐gu study, 5078 men and women aged over 50 years were included. They underwent a questionnaire survey, physical assessment, biochemical assessment and periodontal assessment. The percentages of sites with periodontal probing depth ≥4 mm, and clinical attachment loss ≥4 mm were recorded for each participant. Periodontal disease was also classified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American Academy of Periodontology definition of periodontitis and the American Academy of Periodontology definition (1999). MetS was defined by the 2009 guidelines of the International Diabetes Federation. This study used multivariate negative binominal regression analysis to assess the association between the severity of periodontitis and MetS, after age, smoking habits, alcohol consumption and physical activity related factors were adjusted for. Results Prevalence of MetS was 32.3%, 36.2% and 45.9% among men with no or mild, moderate and severe periodontitis, respectively. The severity of periodontitis was positively associated with the prevalent MetS in men but not in women. In men, severe periodontitis showed a higher risk of MetS than those with no or mild periodontitis (relative risk 1.43, 95% confidence interval 1.17‐1.73) after adjusting for confounders. Periodontal probing depth was positively associated with the prevalence of MetS in both genders. In the analysis separated by individual MetS components, periodontitis severity was positively associated with hypertriglyceridemia and low high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol in men, while positively associated with low high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and abdominal obesity in women. Conclusion Increasing the severity of periodontitis was associated with the risk of prevalent MetS in Korean adults. This result confirmed that periodontal inflammation might be a contributive factor of MetS.