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Pastoralists’ Vulnerability to Trypanosomiasis in Maasai Steppe

Trypanosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease of both livestock and humans. Although pastoral communities of the Maasai Steppe have been able to adapt to trypanosomiasis in the past, their traditional strategies are now constrained by changes in climate and land regimes that affect their ability t...

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Published in:EcoHealth 2017-12, Vol.14 (4), p.718-731
Main Authors: Nnko, Happiness J., Gwakisa, Paul S., Ngonyoka, Anibariki, Saigilu, Meshack, Ole-Neselle, Moses, Kisoka, William, Sindato, Calvin, Estes, Anna
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description Trypanosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease of both livestock and humans. Although pastoral communities of the Maasai Steppe have been able to adapt to trypanosomiasis in the past, their traditional strategies are now constrained by changes in climate and land regimes that affect their ability to move with their herds and continually shape the communities’ vulnerability to trypanosomiasis. Despite these constraints, information on communities’ vulnerability and adaptive capacity to trypanosomiasis is limited. A cross-sectional study was therefore conducted in Simanjiro and Monduli districts of the Maasai Steppe to establish pastoralists’ vulnerability to animal trypanosomiasis and factors that determined their adaptation strategies. A weighted overlay approach in ArcGIS 10.4 was used to analyze vulnerability levels while binomial and multinomial logistic regressions in R 3.3.2 were used to analyze the determinants of adaptation. Simanjiro district was the most vulnerable to trypanosomiasis. The majority (87.5%, n  = 136) of the respondents were aware of trypanosomiasis in animals, but only 7.4% ( n  = 136) knew about the human form of the disease. Reported impacts of animal trypanosomiasis were low milk production (95.6%, n  = 136), death of livestock (96.8%, n  = 136) and emaciation of animals (99.9%, n  = 136). Crop farming was the most frequently reported animal trypanosomiasis adaptation strategy (66%, n  = 136). At a 95% confidence interval, accessibility to livestock extension services (β = 7.61, SE = 3.28, df  = 135, P  = 0.02), years of livestock keeping experience (β = 6.17, SE = 1.95, df  = 135, P  = 0.001), number of cattle owned (β = 5.85, SE = 2.70, df  = 135, P  = 0.03) and membership in associations (β = − 4.11, SE = 1.79, df  = 135, P  = 0.02) had a significant impact on the probability of adapting to animal trypanosomiasis.
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subjects Adaptation
Animal diseases
Animal Ecology
Animals
Climate change
Communities
Confidence intervals
Ecosystems
Environmental Health
Health risk assessment
Livestock
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Microbiology
Milk
Milk production
Original Contribution
Public Health
Regression analysis
Statistical analysis
Steppes
Trypanosomiasis
Vector-borne diseases
Water and Health
Zoonoses
title Pastoralists’ Vulnerability to Trypanosomiasis in Maasai Steppe
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