Microcystin-LR and okadaic acid-induced cellular effects: a dualistic response

Microcystins, potent heptapeptide hepatotoxins produced by certain bloom-forming cyanobacteria, are strong protein phosphatase inhibitors. They covalently bind the serine/threonine protein phosphatases 1 and 2A (PP1 and PP2A), thereby influencing regulation of cellular protein phosphorylation. The p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:FEBS Letters 2004-01, Vol.557 (1), p.1-8
Main Author: Gehringer, Michelle M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antineoplastic Agents - toxicity
Apoptosis
Apoptosis - drug effects
Bacterial Toxins - toxicity
Cell Division - drug effects
Cyanobacteria
Cytoskeleton - drug effects
Cytoskeleton - ultrastructure
Enzyme Inhibitors - toxicity
Humans
Microcystin
Microcystins
Okadaic acid
Okadaic Acid - toxicity
Peptides, Cyclic - toxicity
Phosphoprotein Phosphatases - antagonists & inhibitors
Protein phosphatase
Tumorigenesis
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Summary:Microcystins, potent heptapeptide hepatotoxins produced by certain bloom-forming cyanobacteria, are strong protein phosphatase inhibitors. They covalently bind the serine/threonine protein phosphatases 1 and 2A (PP1 and PP2A), thereby influencing regulation of cellular protein phosphorylation. The paralytic shellfish poison, okadaic acid, is also a potent inhibitor of these PPs. Inhibition of PP1 and PP2A has a dualistic effect on cells exposed to okadaic acid or microcystin-LR, with both apoptosis and increased cellular proliferation being reported. This review summarises the existing data on the molecular effects of microcystin-LR inhibition of PP1 and PP2A both in vivo and in vitro, and where possible, compares this to the action of okadaic acid.
ISSN:0014-5793
1873-3468
DOI:10.1016/S0014-5793(03)01447-9